Chapter 1: Defining formulation: benefits, goals, history, and influences Flashcards
psychotherapy case formulation =
a structured process aimed at understanding and addressing the underlying causes, triggers, and perpetuating factors of an individuals psychological, interpersonal and behavioural difficulties within the context of their culture and environment.
= explanatory framework for understanding why these problems occur
soorten formulations
case formulation - hele case overzicht
event formulation - episodes or occurrences during therapy sessions
prototype formulation - theoretical conceptions of psychological disorders based on established models or theories (bv becks cognitive model)
formulation involves both…
process and content aspects.
- process aspects = the therapists activities in gathering relevant information and building understanding of the client
- content aspects = the identified problems, diagnosis, explanation of the issues and treatment plans
wat kan een case formulation doen
- guiding treatment (= roadmap for therapy, everything is targeted and relevant to the clients specific needs and circumstances)
- increasing efficiency (= therapy becomes more efficient as therapists can develop evidence-based strategies tailored to the clients needs)
- tailoring treatment
- enhancing empathy (= therapist has a deep understanding of the clients experiences and challenges)
the practice of psychotherapy case formulation can be traced back to…
medical examination practices rooted in hippocratic and galenic medicine.
= holistic perspectives, close observation, biological/psychological/social factors
verschil categorical view en dimensional view
the categorical view posits distinct syndromes, the dimensional view sees pathology as existing along continua, reflecting a difference in degree rather than quality
dimensionalists focus on…
individual differences and trait dimensions
theories of psychotherapy
- psychoanalytic and psychodynamic
- cognitive model
- behavioural model
- humanistic and phenomelogical model
psychoanalytic and psychodynamic model=
- understanding personality, psychopathology, symptom formation, and psychiatric interview
- emphasis on active unconscious, mental structures (id, ego, superego), defence mechanisms, psychological development
cognitive model=
- focus in cognitive patterns, schemas, faulty reasoning, core beliefs
- efficacy accross various disorders, emphasis on cognitive processes in shaping experiences
behavioural model=
- emphasis on symptomatology, stimulus response connections, behavioural chains, environmental contingencies
- third wave: mindfulness, acceptance, commitment
humanistic and phenomenological model=
- rejects traditional formulation, emphasizes holistic view of the person and the here-and-now experience in therapy
- equality between therapist and client in fosterign self-awareness and congruence
structured case formulation models emerged in response to…
therapists disagreements and concerns about the disconnection between psychological structures inferred and observable clinical phenomena. these models share common features such as problem identification and inference of maladaptive relationship patterns
CCRT=
the Core Conflictual Relationship Theme (CCRT) is one method aiming to identify problematic relationship patterns by analysing narratives in therapy, aligning with freuds concept of transference.
tensions in case formulation
- between immediacy and comprehensiveness (balance between addressing immediate concerns within limited time constraints and striving for a comprehensive understanding of the clients issues)
- between complexity and simplicity in understanding human behaviour
- therapist bias and objectivity
- observation and inference
- individual and general formulations
