Chapter 1 Continued - Enterprise

Question 1

Continous production

Answer 1

Highly automated manufacture that runs continuosly

Question 2

Mass production

Answer 2

Manufacturing in high volume (10k+) typically used in a production line

Question 3

Batch production

Answer 3

When a larger number (limited) of the same products at the same time (2-10k). Use jigs, formers and moulds

Question 4

Prototype/one off

Answer 4

The making of a single unique product or prototype

Question 5

Just In Time Production (JIT)

Answer 5

The scale of production relies on the product been manufactured to a time schedule

Question 6

Jigs

Answer 6

A device you line material up to accurately repeat an operation accurately time after rime e.g sawing,cutting, drilling, punching

Question 7

Moulds

Answer 7

A shaped cavity used in which a liquid can be poured until it solidifies or cools e.g jelly making, aluminium casting, slip casting

Question 8

Down time

Answer 8

Is when a machine has stopped working and no procedures are being made could be maintenance

Question 9

Quality control

Answer 9

Is the process of setting standards and testing to make sure something is done correctly e.g product or service. Check against the manufacturing specification

Question 10

Quality assurance

Answer 10

Procedures to manage all functions that affect quality

Question 11

Tolerance

Answer 11

Acceptable range of difference from standard

Question 12

5 positive of CAD/CAM

Answer 12

. Efficient - quicker to produce/design products
. More accurate- has the ability to replicate a number of identical products quickly and efficiently
. Easier to share to send ideas or products(for presentations for potential clients
. Saves on labour costs making opportunities to increase profits
. Easier to rectify mistakes/ make changes to a design

Question 13

5 negatives of CAD/CAM

Answer 13

. Other productions costs increase
. Social issues (jobs etc)
. Doesn't eliminate labour costs
. Machines have no initiative 
. Regular checks of machines (servicing)

Question 14

Why do designers make prototypes

Answer 14

So that they can test the products that they are making to see if it needs adjustment and improvements

Question 15

Why is then end cost of a bespoke product higher than a mass produced product

Answer 15

More time is spent on one bespoke product although mass produced products use cheaper materials because you’ll make a lot

Question 16

Why do shoes need to be batch produced

Answer 16

Materials used may be quite expensive

Question 17

Formers

Answer 17

A construction used to help with shaping operations e,g laminating, vacuum forming, acrylic bending, felt blocking, dressmaker’s dummy, drop moulding, drape forming in clay

Question 18

Advantages of Just in time (JIT) manufacturing (3)

Answer 18

• saves money on storage
• Reduces waste
• Ensures there is no money wasted producing stock that will remain unsold

Question 19

Disadvantages of Just in time (JIT) manufacturing

Answer 19

Could be problems in delivery so the product can’t be sourced - customers have to sait for their order to be produced

Question 20

What are Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) ? (2)

Answer 20

• Are series of different machines producing different parts for a product
• The system is flexible because, at any time, machines in the process can reprogrammed to change their task and can be changed to produce more or fewer parts without stopping the other areas of the process

Question 21

Advantages of Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) (3)

Answer 21

• High flexibility
• They can produce products simultaneously
• Can be set up to produce new products quickly and easily - saving time and effort

Question 22

Disadvantages of Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) (2)

Answer 22

• Requires highly skilled employees - which have to be paid high salaries
• Purchasing the equipment required can be very costly

Question 23

What is Planned Obsolescence? (2)

Answer 23

• Is the practise of designing products that will have a limited life and that will become obsolete and require to be replaced e,g disposable razors
• Is generally bad for the environment as it creates more waste

Question 24

How are mobile phones an example of planned obsolescence?

Answer 24

They need continual software updates and they are soon replaced by new better-performing models

Question 25

What is design for maintenance? (2)

Answer 25

• Is when designing products that are more durable and have spare parts available to mend and maintain them
• This is only possible with low-tech modular products that don’t require a great deal of skill to repair

Question 26

How is a push bike designed for maintenance?

Answer 26

It can be regularly maintained with parts such as pedals and chains being replaced when they are damaged