Chapter 1 Continued - Enterprise Flashcards
Continous production
Highly automated manufacture that runs continuosly
Mass production
Manufacturing in high volume (10k+) typically used in a production line
Batch production
When a larger number (limited) of the same products at the same time (2-10k). Use jigs, formers and moulds
Prototype/one off
The making of a single unique product or prototype
Just In Time Production (JIT)
The scale of production relies on the product been manufactured to a time schedule
Jigs
A device you line material up to accurately repeat an operation accurately time after rime e.g sawing,cutting, drilling, punching
Moulds
A shaped cavity used in which a liquid can be poured until it solidifies or cools e.g jelly making, aluminium casting, slip casting
Down time
Is when a machine has stopped working and no procedures are being made could be maintenance
Quality control
Is the process of setting standards and testing to make sure something is done correctly e.g product or service. Check against the manufacturing specification
Quality assurance
Procedures to manage all functions that affect quality
Tolerance
Acceptable range of difference from standard
5 positive of CAD/CAM
. Efficient - quicker to produce/design products
. More accurate- has the ability to replicate a number of identical products quickly and efficiently
. Easier to share to send ideas or products(for presentations for potential clients
. Saves on labour costs making opportunities to increase profits
. Easier to rectify mistakes/ make changes to a design
5 negatives of CAD/CAM
. Other productions costs increase . Social issues (jobs etc) . Doesn't eliminate labour costs . Machines have no initiative . Regular checks of machines (servicing)
Why do designers make prototypes
So that they can test the products that they are making to see if it needs adjustment and improvements
Why is then end cost of a bespoke product higher than a mass produced product
More time is spent on one bespoke product although mass produced products use cheaper materials because you’ll make a lot
Why do shoes need to be batch produced
Materials used may be quite expensive
Formers
A construction used to help with shaping operations e,g laminating, vacuum forming, acrylic bending, felt blocking, dressmaker’s dummy, drop moulding, drape forming in clay
Advantages of Just in time (JIT) manufacturing (3)
- saves money on storage
- Reduces waste
- Ensures there is no money wasted producing stock that will remain unsold
Disadvantages of Just in time (JIT) manufacturing
Could be problems in delivery so the product can’t be sourced - customers have to sait for their order to be produced
What are Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) ? (2)
- Are series of different machines producing different parts for a product
- The system is flexible because, at any time, machines in the process can reprogrammed to change their task and can be changed to produce more or fewer parts without stopping the other areas of the process
Advantages of Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) (3)
- High flexibility
- They can produce products simultaneously
- Can be set up to produce new products quickly and easily - saving time and effort
Disadvantages of Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) (2)
- Requires highly skilled employees - which have to be paid high salaries
- Purchasing the equipment required can be very costly
What is Planned Obsolescence? (2)
- Is the practise of designing products that will have a limited life and that will become obsolete and require to be replaced e,g disposable razors
- Is generally bad for the environment as it creates more waste
How are mobile phones an example of planned obsolescence?
They need continual software updates and they are soon replaced by new better-performing models
What is design for maintenance? (2)
- Is when designing products that are more durable and have spare parts available to mend and maintain them
- This is only possible with low-tech modular products that don’t require a great deal of skill to repair
How is a push bike designed for maintenance?
It can be regularly maintained with parts such as pedals and chains being replaced when they are damaged
