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VCE Unit 3 Health and Human Development AOS1 > Chapter 1: Concepts of Health and Wellbeing > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Concepts of Health and Wellbeing Flashcards

1
Q

What is health?

A

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

What is health and wellbeing?

A
  • Includes health outcomes and is characterised by an equilibrium where one feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged
  • Includes all 5 dimensions of health.
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3
Q

What is an illness?

A

Concept that relates to negative aspects of health and wellbeing

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4
Q

What is a disease

A

Physical/mental disturbance and is diagnosed by professional
- Involves symptoms, dysfunction of tissue damage

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5
Q

What is the difference between disease and infirmity?

A

Disease:
- Physical/mental disturbance & diagnosed by professional
- Actual condition

Illness:
- one’s own perception of feelings
- Like self-diagnosed

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6
Q

What is infirmity?

A
  • Quality/state of being weak/ill
  • Often associated with old age
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7
Q

What does it mean when it says H+W is dynamic?
E.g?

A
  • Constantly changing
  • E.g. One can be happy and socialising but may change the next week due to friend leaving school, thus causing a change in dynamic
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8
Q

Why is H+W subjective?

A
  • H+W influenced by/based on personal beliefs, feelings or opinions
  • Everyone view it differently
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9
Q

What are some factors that could influence one’s H+W

A
  • Age
  • Fitness
  • Body
  • Social networks
  • Income
  • Education
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10
Q

E.g of H+W being subjective

A

Elderly person may view H+W as good if able to live independently and look after themselves

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11
Q

What is a chronic condition?

A
  • Any disease or condition that lasts a long time (usually > 6 months)
  • Usually cannot be cured, thus require ongoing treatment
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12
Q

What are the 5 dimensions of H+W?

A
  • Physical
  • Mental
  • Emotional
  • Social
  • Spiritual
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13
Q

What is Physical H+W

A
  • Relates to efficient functioning of the body and its systems
  • Includes physical capacity to perform daily tasks
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14
Q

E.g of optimal physical H+W?

A
  • Adequate energy levels
  • Ability to complete physical tasks adequately
  • Strong immune system
  • Freedom from illness, disease and injury
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15
Q

What is Mental H+W

A
  • State of one’s mind or brain that relates to the ability to think and process information
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16
Q

E.g of Optimal Mental H+W

A
  • Use logic and reasoning to form opinions and make decisions
  • Positive thought patterns (optimistic)
  • Positive self-esteem
  • Low levels of stress and anxiety
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17
Q

What is Emotional H+W

A
  • Ability to express emotions and feelings in a positive way
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18
Q

E.g of Optimal Emotional H+W

A
  • High levels of resilience
  • Recognise and understand range of emotions
  • Effectively respond to and manage emotions
  • Feel emotionally secure and relaxed
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19
Q

What is Social H+W

A

Ability to form meaningful relationships with others and manage/adapt to different social situations appropriately

20
Q

E.g of optimal social H+W

A
  • Supportive network of friends and family
  • Effective communication with others
  • Personal accountability
21
Q

What is Spiritual H+W

A
  • Relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings.
  • Includes concepts of hope, peace sense of meaning/value and having own place in the world
22
Q

E.g of optimal Spiritual H+W

A
  • Sense of belonging to world
  • Positive meaning and purpose in life
  • Acting according to values and beliefs
23
Q

Difference between spirituality and religion

A

Religion:
- Structured and organised form of spirituality

Spirituality:
- No connection to organised religion

24
Q

Link between spiritual h+w and physical and emotional h+w

A

If someone was experiencing optimal spiritual h+w they may be seen to have well defined values and beliefs along with a strong sense of purpose. A strong sense of purpose may allow a person to take more care of himself or herself, which could promote a healthy body weight (physical h+w). A person with well defined values and beliefs may have the confidence within themselves to express a range of emotions and also feel comfortable with the range of emotions that they experience over their lifetime (emotional h+w).

25
Q

E.g of how 5 dimensions of H+W can influence each other
- Physical and Mental

A

Stress can lower immune system function, thus increase risk of infectious disease

26
Q

E.g of how 5 dimensions of H+W can influence each other
- Mental and Spiritual

A
  • Believing that life has a positive meaning and purpose can enhance self-esteem and optimism
27
Q

E.g of how 5 dimensions of H+W can influence each other
- Social and Emotional

A

When one able to express emotions and share feelings with friends, can promote more meaningful relationships

28
Q

What is Optimal H+W

A
  • State when all 5 dimensions of H+W are at its peak
  • Highest level of H+W one can realistically attain at a particular time.
29
Q

How does Optimal H+W benefit an individual?

A
  • Increases ability for one to live free from pain and concentrate on activities that improve their lives such as working, socialising
  • Decreases stress and anxiety and promotes positive emotions such as happiness
  • Reduces healthcare costs, thus increase amount of money to spend on others e.g education, food, housing
30
Q

List of e.g

A
  • Work productively
  • Live independently
  • Gain an education
  • Earn an income
31
Q

E.g Optimal H+W benefit an individual

A

Being free from disease and illness (physical H+W) –> able to work and thus enhance purpose in life (Spiritual H+W)

32
Q

Benefits of Optimal H+W Nationally

A
  • Higher average income
  • Reduced healthcare costs
  • Reduce risk of premature death and development of illness and disease (enhance mental h+w as less loved ones dying)
  • Increase productivity: more likely to engage with job and work to their best –> increase economy through higher taxation revenue –>less people rely on social security due to reduced unemployment
33
Q

Benefit of H+W Globally

A
  • Reduce risk of infectious or communicable diseases spreading between countries
  • Promote sustainability: gov generate more tax revenue –> used to promote sustainable energy, water
34
Q

Benefit of H+W Globally
- Peace and Security

A
  • Contribute to world peace and security: Healthy –> More productive –> increased access to resources (education, food, employment) for decent standard of living
  • Unhealthy –> resort to extreme measures to access resources to ensure survival –> conflict national/international
35
Q

What are Prerequisites for Health?
- Acronym

A

People
Should
Eat
Food
Including
Some
Sustainable
Salad
Everyday

36
Q

What are Prerequisites for Health?

A
  • Peace
  • Shelter
  • Education
  • Food
  • Income
  • Stable ecosystem
  • Sustainable resources
  • Social resources
  • Equity
37
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Peace

A
  • Absence of conflict from war
  • Decrease risk of premature death, serious injury, disability (Physical H+W)
  • Decrease risk of injury, decrease stress and anxiety (Mental H+W)
  • Preserves infrastructure such as schools, healthcare systems, etc
38
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Shelter

A
  • Provides protection from outside environment
  • Promote adequate sleep –> increase one’s ability to join in activities e.g socialising (Social H+W)
  • Promote feelings of privacy, safety and security –> reduce stress and anxiety (Mental H+W)
39
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Education

A
  • Increase ability to earn an income –> able to afford resources e.g food, shelter, healthcare
  • Promote literacy: more likely to join in activities and maintain social connections (Social H+W)
  • increase employment –> higher income –> higher confidence
40
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Food

A
  • Increases ability to consume required nutrients –>increase immune system –> adequate energy levels (Physical H+W)
  • Food security: spend less time looking for food –> decrease stress as know food available (Mental H+W)
41
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Income

A
  • Increase ability to afford resources e.g healthcare, transport, education
  • Able to more easily afford healthcare e.g surgery, immunisation (Physical H+W)
  • Able to enjoy leisure activities –> reduce stress and anxiety (Mental H+W) –> more choices to join social activities (Social H+W)
42
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Stable Ecosystem (and what happens if unstable ecosystem)

A
  • When balance achieved between environment and species that live in environment
  • More resources available for human use and can regenerate as quickly as being used.

Unbalanced ecosystem: resources used faster than can regenerate –> less available for consumption

43
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Sustainable resources

A
  • Meeting needs of present without impacting ability of future generations to meet own needs
  • Sustainable use of land and water required for ongoing food and water supply –> prevent disease (Physical H+W)
  • Ensuring that the resources used to promote h+w in present are available for future generations, thus able to experience good quality life
44
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Social justice

A
  • Equal rights for all regardless of personal traits e.g sexuality, class, income, ethnicity, etc
  • People have same access to resources and opportunities e.g education, healthcare, employment
45
Q

Prerequisites for Health and Effects on 5 dimensions
- Equity

A
  • Fairness particularly to those disadvantaged to improve quality of life and achieve minimum standards of living

VCE Unit 3 Health and Human Development AOS1 (5 decks)

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