Chapter 1 Comparative Anatomy Of Vertebrates

Question 0

Morphology

Answer 0

Study of structure and function

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of structure

Question 2

History of anatomy

Answer 2

Cavemen-> Egyptians-> Aristotle-> Galen

Question 3

4 assumptions

Answer 3

1. Continuity of structure
2. Adaptation and constraints (limitations)
3. Common ancestor
4. Competition

Question 4

Phylogeny

Answer 4

Evolutionary trees/ relationships ; hypothesis

Question 5

Synapomorphy

Answer 5

Shared derived character

Question 6

Derived

Answer 6

More recently developed (in terms of traits)

Question 7

Vestigial

Answer 7

Reduced/gone traits

Ex: human appendix

Question 8

Primitive

Answer 8

Not simple; old

Question 9

Specialized structure

Answer 9

Ex: opposable thumb

Question 10

Unspecialized structure

Answer 10

Ex: humerus

Question 11

What type of structure is more likely to be homologous?

Answer 11

Unspecialized structures because you can find them among a wide variety of organisms

Question 12

Fossil types

Answer 12

Bones, eggs, skin impressions, muscle attachments, footprints, position

Question 13

Stratigraphy

Answer 13

Analysis if the order and position of layers of archaeological remains

Strata= layer

Question 14

Major groups

Answer 14

Jawless fish
Armored fish (placoderms) 
Cartilage fish
Bony fish
Amphibians
Reptiles & turtles 
Birds
Mammals