Chapter 1: Classifying Organisms Flashcards
Contains: Section 1: Characteristics of Life Section 2: Classifying Organisms Section 3: Exploring Life Section 4: Looking Inside Cells
Organism
all living things
Cell
the building blocks of all living things
Microscope
a tool used to magnify or enlarge something
Animalcules
a single celled organism.
a small animal
Unicellular
organisms that are made up of one cell
Multicellular
organisms that are made up of many cells
Stimulus
a change in an organisms surroundings
Response
how an organism reacts to the stimulus
Autotroph
organisms that make their own food
Heterotroph
organism that cannot make their own food
Classification
the process of grouping things based on similarities
Magnification
the ability to make things larger than they are
Resolution
to create a useful image a microscope must help you to see individual parts clearly
Tissue
a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function
Organ System
a group of organs that work together to perform a major
function
What are the six characteristics of life?
Cellular organization
Contain similar chemicals
Use energy
Respond to their surroundings
Grow and develop
Reproduce
What was Redi’s Experiment?
He took two jars, both with rotten meat. One was open, the other closed. The one that was open had flies and the one that was closed didn’t. With this he disproved Spontaneous Generation.
What was Pasteur’s Experiment?
He used different containers of broth. Through his experiments he proved that new bacteria could
only grow in a container where bacteria already existed.
What are the four needs of all living things?
Water, Food, Living Space, Stable Internal Conditions
Why do scientist classify?
to find information out about
different organisms.
What are the eight levels of classification?
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
List and define the three domains
Bacteria - all are unicellular prokaryotes
Archaea - unicellular prokaryotes and the first kind of organism to exist on the planet
Eukarya - includes eukaryotes which are organisms whose cells contain nuclei
What is a general statement about the evolution of cell theory over time?
The cell theory holds true for all living things
regardless of size
What is the order of the scientists who helped put together the cell theory?
Robert Hooke
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Schleiden
Schwann
Virchow
What is Spontaneous Generation?
thought living things could come from non-living things.
Who is Linnaeus and what did he contribute to biology?
A Swedish naturalist who created the Binomial Nomenclature.
