Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Organic Chemistry > Chapter 1 - Bonding And Isomerism (w/ Functional Groups) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Bonding And Isomerism (w/ Functional Groups) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Deal only with substances obtained from living matter

A

Organic Chemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

proved that organic compounds can
be synthesized in the laboratory

A

Friedrich Wohler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Smallest particle of an element that retains all chemical properties of that element

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Characteristics of a nucleus (2)

A
  1. Positively-charged
  2. Contains most of the mass of the atom
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Location of protons and neutrons

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Location of electrons

A

Electron cloud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Same number of protons but different number of neutrons and nuclear decay processes

A

Isotopes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Equation for Mass Number

A

of protons (Z) + # of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

G.N. Lewis developed this as one of the earliest successful pictures of chemical bonding

A

Octet Rule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the noble gas electron configuration?

A

8 valence shell electrons in 4 orbitals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Form between a metal form the left of periodic table and a nonmetal from the right

A

Ionic Bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Minimum amount of energy required to remove an electron

A

Ionization energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Amount of energy released when an electron is added

A

Electron Affinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens to the attractive forces and repulsive forces in ionic bonding?

A
  1. Attractive forces between ions of opposite charges are maximized.
  2. Repulsive forces between like charges are minimized.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bonding that shares electrons between two nonmetals, or metalloid to nonmetal

A

Covalent Bonding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Simplest example of Covalent Bonding

A

H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: The more e- pairs that atoms share the closer the atoms are pulled together

A

True
(Triple bond < double bond < single bond)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: Carbon is either strongly electropositive nor strongly electronegative

A

False
(It is neither)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ability of an element to form chains of its own atoms through covalent bonding

A

Catenation

20
Q

Molecular fragment with an odd number of unshared electrons

A

Radical

21
Q

Ability of an atom to attract bonding e to itself

A

Electronegativity

22
Q

Electron pair is not shared equally between two atoms

A

Polar Covalent Bonds

23
Q

True or False: Electronegativity of elements increases from left to right across the period, and from bottom to top within a group

A

True

24
Q

Number of bonds that an atom of the element can form

A

Valence

25
Q

Type of chain where atoms are bonded one after another

A

Continuous chain

26
Q

Type of chain where some atoms form branches from the longest continuous chain

A

Branched chain

27
Q

True or False: As the number of C increases, the number of possible isomers decreases

A

False
(Number of possible isomers also increases)

28
Q

Symbols used to show how electron pairs can be moved to convert one structure to another

A

Curved arrows (for Resonance)

29
Q

An orbital with a spherical shape where it gets larger in size as the shell number increases

A

S orbital

30
Q

An orbital that has a dumbbell shape, mutually
perpendicular, oriented along x, y, and z axes

A

P orbital

31
Q

o no rings
o may be branched or unbranched

A

Acyclic

32
Q

o contain rings of carbon atoms
o smallest possible ring has 3 carbon atoms
o ringscomeinmanysizesandshapes
o may have carbon atoms attached to them and
may contain multiple bonds

A

Carbocyclic

33
Q

o have rings containing at least one atom that is
not carbon nor hydrogen
o largest class of molecular frameworks

A

Heterocyclic

34
Q

Acyclic, Carbocyclic, or Heterocyclic:

Pentane and Neopentane

A

Acyclic

35
Q

Acyclic, Carbocyclic, or Heterocyclic:

Five- and six-membered rings

A

Carbocyclic

36
Q

Acyclic, Carbocyclic, or Heterocyclic:

Oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur

A

Heterocyclic

37
Q

True or False: There is no functional group in alkane

A

True

38
Q

Functional group with carbon-oxygen single bonds

A

Alcohol and Ether

39
Q

Functional groups with carbon-oxygen double bonds (2)

A

Aldehyde and Ketone

40
Q

Functional groups with single and double carbon-oxygen bonds (2)

A

Carboxylic acid and Ester

41
Q

Functional groups containing nitrogen (2)

A

Primary Amine and Nitrile

42
Q

Functional group with oxygen and nitrogen

A

Amide

43
Q

Functional group with halogen

A

Alkyl or aryl halide

44
Q

Functional groups containing sulfur (2)

A

Thiol and thioester

45
Q

Functional group that contains a hydrogen atom directly bonded to the carbonyl carbon

A

Aldehyde

46
Q

Functional group that contains an OH group directly bonded to the carbonyl carbon

A

Carboxylic acid

47
Q

Functional group that contains an OR group directly bonded to the carbonyl carbon

A

Ester

Organic Chemistry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions