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Vascular-Arterial > Chapter 1 - Arterial System Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Arterial System Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Collect blood from venules and returns it to the heart. These get progressively larger from venules to the heart

A

Veins

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2
Q

These are considered resistance vessels. They assists with regulating flow thru contraction and relaxation

A

Arterioles

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3
Q

Nutrients and waste products are exchanged between blood and the tissue

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

Collects blood from capillary beds and assists in regulating blood flow thru contraction and relaxation:

A

venules

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5
Q

Transports gas, nutrients and essential substances to capillaries.

A

Arteries

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6
Q

The inner most layer of the vessel.

A

Tunica intima

Think intimate gatherings are usually your “inner” circle

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7
Q

What is the tunica intima layer of a vessel consisted of?

A

Smooth endothelial cells

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8
Q

The middle layer of a vessel.

A

Tunica media

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9
Q

Which layer of the vessel is the thickest?

Intima, media; or adventitia?

A

Tunica Media

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10
Q

What does the tunica media layer of a vessel consist of?

A

Smooth muscle cells with elastic fibers

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11
Q

The outer layer of a vessel

A

Tunica adventitia (externa)

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12
Q

Name the layers of the vessels in order of thickest to thinnest

A

Tunica media, tunica adventitia, tunica intima

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13
Q

What is the tunica adventitia layer of a vessel consist of?

A

Fibrous connective tissue.

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14
Q

** This was on registry***

Which layer of the vessel contains the vasa vasorum

A

The external layer (tunica adventitia)

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15
Q

What is the vasa vasorum and where is it located?

A

“The blood supply of the blood supply”

Located in the external layer/ tunica adventitia

Basically a network of small vessels that supply the walls of the large blood vessels

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16
Q

First branches of the aorta is the ________ arteries

very important, was on my test

A

Coronary.

Think your heart is most important so it comes first

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17
Q

From the aortic valve to the first branch of the aortic arch is considered the?

A

ascending aorta

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18
Q

Where in the body does the abdominal aorta begin?

A

at the diaphragm

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19
Q

Where does the aorta terminate?

A

at the aorta bifurcation into iliacs

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20
Q

What are the three branches of the aortic arch?

important

A

1) innominate artery (brachiocephalic)
* *right subclavian/ right carotid/ vertebral artery
2) Left Common carotid
3) Left Subclavian- left vertebral

How to remember these. The aorta is on the left side of the body so that’s why the second two are left.

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21
Q

Which is the first and largest branch of the aortic arch?

A

the innominate

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22
Q

What is the second branch of the aortic arch?

A

Left common carotid artery

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23
Q

The right subclavian and right common carotid arteries are branches of which trunk of the aortic arch?

A

Innominate

That part is closer to the right side of the body therefore think its the RIGHT subclam

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24
Q

Which is the 3rd branch off the aortic arch?

A

Left subclavian

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25
Q

Where does the subclavian artery terminate at?

A

@ the axillary artery (at border of first rib)

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26
Q

Where does the axillary artery terminate at?

A

Terminates into the brachial artery at the axilla

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27
Q

Does the brachial artery travel through the lateral or medial upper arm and where does it terminate?

A

medial

antecube

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28
Q

The brachial artery terminates into which two arteries?

A

Ulnar and Radial

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29
Q

Radial artery runs down the (lateral or medial?) side of the forearm?

A

Lateral

30
Q

Ulnar artery runs down the (lateral or medial?) side of the forearm?

A

Medial

31
Q

The radial artery is where we listen or feel a patient’s pulse.

True or false?

A

True

This is on the side by the thumb

32
Q

Which artery is the main source of the superficial palmar arch

A

Ulnar

Think Superficial- its all about you you you (get it?)

33
Q

Which artery is the main source of the deep palmar arch?

A

The radial artery.

Think “real deep” ( for the R and Deep)

34
Q

The deep palmar arch courses along the palm of the hand whereas the superficial palmar arch courses along the back.
True / False

A

True

35
Q

Where are the visceral branches located

A

below the diaphragm

36
Q

The celiac artery supplies the

A

Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum and spleen

37
Q

The celiac artery then divides into what three arteries?

**Think about what it supports and it’ll make sense. (The stomach, liver, and the spleen)

A

Left gastric artery, common hepatic artery and splenic artery

38
Q

The SMA supplies the

A

small intestines, the cecum and parts of colon

39
Q

Do the SMA and celiac artery have a common trunk or do they usually have their own?

A

They can have a common trunk, not usually but can happen

40
Q

The renal arteries supply the

A

kidneys, suprarenal glands and ureters

41
Q

Why is the right renal artery longer than the left?

A

The aorta is on the left side of the body so it has to travel farther. It travels posterior to the IVC.

42
Q

The IMA can serve as a collateral to which arteries?

A

Iliacs

“Think about where the IMA is located. It is located right above the aortic biff where the iliacs are

43
Q

The IMA supplies the

  • THink about location. It is located pretty low in the body so therefore it supplies the lower organs
A

transverse descending colon and rectum

  • THink about location. It is located pretty low in the body so therefore it supplies the lower organs such as colon and rectum :)
44
Q

** IMPORTANT**

There are two potential collateral connections between the SMA and IMA. What are they called?

A

1) Marginal artery of the (Drummond)(Colon)

2) Arc of Riolan

45
Q

What is a landmark for finding the iliacs?

A

Psoas Major muscle

46
Q

Which arteries supply the pelvis, abdominal wall and lower limbs?

A

The common iliac arteries

47
Q

The internal iliac artery is also called the ______ artery

A

Hypogastric

48
Q

The internal iliac artery supplies the

A

Pelvis and inner thigh

*Think inner/internal.

49
Q

The external iliac artery supplies the

A

leg

50
Q

The external iliac artery terminates at the

A

common femoral artery (CFA)

51
Q

The common femoral artery divides into the

A

SFA _ superficial femoral artery

52
Q

Which artery courses the wole length of the medial thigh and terminates at the pop?

A

SFA

53
Q

What is the “Hunters Canal” in regards to arteries in the leg

A

The area in the adductor hiatus where the SFA terminates and becomes the pop artery

54
Q

The deep femoral artery is better known as the ____ artery

A

pop artery

55
Q

What are genicular branches in regards to the arteries in the leg?

A

several branches of the femoral and popliteal arteries that supply the region of the knee

  • these can often be collaterals**
56
Q

What arteries does the pop artery branch into?

A

Tibial and peroneal

57
Q

What is the first branch of the distal popliteal artery?

A

anterior tibial artery

58
Q

Where are the anterior tibial arteries located in the calf?

Inner/Outer leg??

A

Inner side of fibula

59
Q

When the anterior tibial arteries cross over the ankle, what artery does it then become?

A

Dorsalis pedias artery (DPA)

60
Q

Which artery supplies the sole of the foot?

A

Posterior tibial artery

61
Q

Which artery supplies the lateral leg/foot?

A

Peroneal artery

62
Q

The popliteal artery is considered more proximal then the common femoral artery]
True/ False?

A

FALSE!!!!!!!!!!!

Proximal is closest to the heart. The CFA is closer to the heart than the pop is.

63
Q

What is proximal to the aortic arch? ( the first branch of the ascending aorta)

A

coronary artery

64
Q

What are the branches of the subclavian artery?

A

1) vertebral
2) internal thoracic
3) thyrocervical
4) costocervical

65
Q

What are the branches of the celiac artery?

A

1) Left Gastric
2) common hepatic
3) splenic

66
Q

** ON REGISTRY** so I made it a question twice

What layer contains the vasa vasorum?

A

the outer layer/adventitia

67
Q

What arteries distribute blood to the toe digits?

A

The plantar and dorsal metatarsals

68
Q

What two arteries branch off of the innominate artery?

A

right subclavian and right common carotid

69
Q

The left gastric artery is a branch off of what artery?

A

the celiac

70
Q

Which artery can provide collateral pathways between the popliteal artery?

A

Profunda artery

Vascular-Arterial (22 decks)

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