Chapter 1 - Arterial System Anatomy Flashcards
Collect blood from venules and returns it to the heart. These get progressively larger from venules to the heart
Veins
These are considered resistance vessels. They assists with regulating flow thru contraction and relaxation
Arterioles
Nutrients and waste products are exchanged between blood and the tissue
Capillaries
Collects blood from capillary beds and assists in regulating blood flow thru contraction and relaxation:
venules
Transports gas, nutrients and essential substances to capillaries.
Arteries
The inner most layer of the vessel.
Tunica intima
Think intimate gatherings are usually your “inner” circle
What is the tunica intima layer of a vessel consisted of?
Smooth endothelial cells
The middle layer of a vessel.
Tunica media
Which layer of the vessel is the thickest?
Intima, media; or adventitia?
Tunica Media
What does the tunica media layer of a vessel consist of?
Smooth muscle cells with elastic fibers
The outer layer of a vessel
Tunica adventitia (externa)
Name the layers of the vessels in order of thickest to thinnest
Tunica media, tunica adventitia, tunica intima
What is the tunica adventitia layer of a vessel consist of?
Fibrous connective tissue.
** This was on registry***
Which layer of the vessel contains the vasa vasorum
The external layer (tunica adventitia)
What is the vasa vasorum and where is it located?
“The blood supply of the blood supply”
Located in the external layer/ tunica adventitia
Basically a network of small vessels that supply the walls of the large blood vessels
First branches of the aorta is the ________ arteries
very important, was on my test
Coronary.
Think your heart is most important so it comes first
From the aortic valve to the first branch of the aortic arch is considered the?
ascending aorta
Where in the body does the abdominal aorta begin?
at the diaphragm
Where does the aorta terminate?
at the aorta bifurcation into iliacs
What are the three branches of the aortic arch?
important
1) innominate artery (brachiocephalic)
* *right subclavian/ right carotid/ vertebral artery
2) Left Common carotid
3) Left Subclavian- left vertebral
How to remember these. The aorta is on the left side of the body so that’s why the second two are left.
Which is the first and largest branch of the aortic arch?
the innominate
What is the second branch of the aortic arch?
Left common carotid artery
The right subclavian and right common carotid arteries are branches of which trunk of the aortic arch?
Innominate
That part is closer to the right side of the body therefore think its the RIGHT subclam
Which is the 3rd branch off the aortic arch?
Left subclavian
Where does the subclavian artery terminate at?
@ the axillary artery (at border of first rib)
Where does the axillary artery terminate at?
Terminates into the brachial artery at the axilla
Does the brachial artery travel through the lateral or medial upper arm and where does it terminate?
medial
antecube
The brachial artery terminates into which two arteries?
Ulnar and Radial
Radial artery runs down the (lateral or medial?) side of the forearm?
Lateral
Ulnar artery runs down the (lateral or medial?) side of the forearm?
Medial
The radial artery is where we listen or feel a patient’s pulse.
True or false?
True
This is on the side by the thumb
Which artery is the main source of the superficial palmar arch
Ulnar
Think Superficial- its all about you you you (get it?)
Which artery is the main source of the deep palmar arch?
The radial artery.
Think “real deep” ( for the R and Deep)
The deep palmar arch courses along the palm of the hand whereas the superficial palmar arch courses along the back.
True / False
True
Where are the visceral branches located
below the diaphragm
The celiac artery supplies the
Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum and spleen
The celiac artery then divides into what three arteries?
**Think about what it supports and it’ll make sense. (The stomach, liver, and the spleen)
Left gastric artery, common hepatic artery and splenic artery
The SMA supplies the
small intestines, the cecum and parts of colon
Do the SMA and celiac artery have a common trunk or do they usually have their own?
They can have a common trunk, not usually but can happen
The renal arteries supply the
kidneys, suprarenal glands and ureters
Why is the right renal artery longer than the left?
The aorta is on the left side of the body so it has to travel farther. It travels posterior to the IVC.
The IMA can serve as a collateral to which arteries?
Iliacs
“Think about where the IMA is located. It is located right above the aortic biff where the iliacs are
The IMA supplies the
- THink about location. It is located pretty low in the body so therefore it supplies the lower organs
transverse descending colon and rectum
- THink about location. It is located pretty low in the body so therefore it supplies the lower organs such as colon and rectum :)
** IMPORTANT**
There are two potential collateral connections between the SMA and IMA. What are they called?
1) Marginal artery of the (Drummond)(Colon)
2) Arc of Riolan
What is a landmark for finding the iliacs?
Psoas Major muscle
Which arteries supply the pelvis, abdominal wall and lower limbs?
The common iliac arteries
The internal iliac artery is also called the ______ artery
Hypogastric
The internal iliac artery supplies the
Pelvis and inner thigh
*Think inner/internal.
The external iliac artery supplies the
leg
The external iliac artery terminates at the
common femoral artery (CFA)
The common femoral artery divides into the
SFA _ superficial femoral artery
Which artery courses the wole length of the medial thigh and terminates at the pop?
SFA
What is the “Hunters Canal” in regards to arteries in the leg
The area in the adductor hiatus where the SFA terminates and becomes the pop artery
The deep femoral artery is better known as the ____ artery
pop artery
What are genicular branches in regards to the arteries in the leg?
several branches of the femoral and popliteal arteries that supply the region of the knee
- these can often be collaterals**
What arteries does the pop artery branch into?
Tibial and peroneal
What is the first branch of the distal popliteal artery?
anterior tibial artery
Where are the anterior tibial arteries located in the calf?
Inner/Outer leg??
Inner side of fibula
When the anterior tibial arteries cross over the ankle, what artery does it then become?
Dorsalis pedias artery (DPA)
Which artery supplies the sole of the foot?
Posterior tibial artery
Which artery supplies the lateral leg/foot?
Peroneal artery
The popliteal artery is considered more proximal then the common femoral artery]
True/ False?
FALSE!!!!!!!!!!!
Proximal is closest to the heart. The CFA is closer to the heart than the pop is.
What is proximal to the aortic arch? ( the first branch of the ascending aorta)
coronary artery
What are the branches of the subclavian artery?
1) vertebral
2) internal thoracic
3) thyrocervical
4) costocervical
What are the branches of the celiac artery?
1) Left Gastric
2) common hepatic
3) splenic
** ON REGISTRY** so I made it a question twice
What layer contains the vasa vasorum?
the outer layer/adventitia
What arteries distribute blood to the toe digits?
The plantar and dorsal metatarsals
What two arteries branch off of the innominate artery?
right subclavian and right common carotid
The left gastric artery is a branch off of what artery?
the celiac
Which artery can provide collateral pathways between the popliteal artery?
Profunda artery
