Chapter 1 and 4

Question 1

What are the 5 unifying themes in Biology?

Answer 1

organization, interactions, information, evolution, energy and matter

Question 2

What are the levels of biological organization?

Answer 2

Biosphere, ecosystem, communities, population, organism, organ, tissue, cell, organelles, molecule

Question 3

Fundamental unit of life?

Answer 3

Cell

Question 4

Characteristics of a PROkaryote?

Answer 4

more simple that eukaryotic, NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES, no nucleus, ex. bacteria

Question 5

Characteristics of a EUkaryote?

Answer 5

membrane enclosed organelles including DNA, has a nucleus, ex. plants, animals, fungi

Question 6

What organelle is found in all cells?

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

What 4 characteristics do all living cells share?

Answer 7

cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA, plasma membrane

Question 8

How does DNA encode a cells information?

Answer 8

DNA>RNA>Protein
DNA provides blueprints for making protein

Question 9

How are energy and matter transferred and transformed in ecosystems?

Answer 9

Living organisms(plants, photosynthetic organisms) convert energy of sunlight into chemical energy go nonliving (sugars)

Question 10

Energy flows _____ way, entering as _____ and exiting as ______.

Answer 10

one way, light, heat

Question 11

What are the three domains(largest groups) of life?

Answer 11

Bacteria, Archea, Eukaryotes

Question 12

Characteristics of bacteria?

Answer 12

prokaryotic, no nucleas, no membrane bound organelles, most are unicellular

Question 13

Characteristics of archea?

Answer 13

prokaryotic, unicellular, like bacteria

Question 14

Characteristics of eukaryotes?

Answer 14

contain a nucleas and membrane bound organelles.

Question 15

Plantae

Answer 15

produce own food by photosynthesis

Question 16

Fungi

Answer 16

absorb nutrients, decomposers

Question 17

Animals

Answer 17

ingest their food

Question 18

Protists

Answer 18

Mostly unicellular, most numerous and diverse

Question 19

Dear King Phillip Come Out For Goodness Sake

Answer 19

(most broad)Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (most specific)

Question 20

Compound Light Microscope

Answer 20

visible light, surface view, can see shape and structure and actively moving parts of cell 1000x

Question 21

Dissecting Scope

Answer 21

magnifies up to 40x, larger organisms

Question 22

Electron Microscope

Answer 22

uses electrons instead of beam of light, only for dead cells

Question 23

Why are membrane bound compartments so important? (stacks of flattened sacs)

Answer 23

Membranes compartmentalize the interior of the cell and increase surface area for reactions.

Question 24

What are only found in animal cells?

Answer 24

Centrosome and Lysosome

Question 25

What are only found in plant cells?

Answer 25

cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts

Question 26

Nucleus contains __________.

Answer 26

most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell

Question 27

Nucleolus

Answer 27

where ribosomes are made

Question 28

Functions of ribosomes

Answer 28

ribosomes synthesize proteins, makes proteins, found in all living cells

Question 29

Golgi apparatus

Answer 29

Packaging, modification, and distribution of molecules

Question 30

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 30

Rough- contains ribosomes
Smooth-lacks ribosomes, synthesis of lipids

Question 31

Lysosomes

Answer 31

Sacs containing digestive enzymes

Question 32

Vacuole

Answer 32

large, store nutrients and water

Question 33

Mitochondria

Answer 33

harvest chem energy from food (cellular respiration)

Question 34

Chloroplasts

Answer 34

convert solar energy to chemical energy (photosynthesis)

Question 35

Microtubules

Answer 35

maintain cell shape, hollow tubes

Question 36

microfilaments

Answer 36

thread like, muscle contraction, cytoplasimc streaming

Question 37

intermediate filaments

Answer 37

coiled fibrous protein, anchors nucleaus and other organelles