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Medical Terminology > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Cyanosis

sigh-ah-NOH-sis

A

cyan/o means blue and -osis means abnormal condition or disease (discoloration of the skin from lack of oxygen in the blood)

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2
Q

Erythrocyte

eh-RITH-roh-sight

A

erythr/o means red and -cyte means cell ( a mature blood cell)

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3
Q

Leukocyte

LOO-koh-sight

A

leuk/o means white and -cyte means cell (white blood cell)

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4
Q

Melanosis

mel-ah-NOH-sis

A

melan/o means black and -osis means abnormal condition or disease (any condition of unusual deposit of black pigment in body tissue or organs)

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5
Q

Poliomyelitis

poh-lee-oh-my-eh-LYE-tis

A

poli/o means grey, myel means spinal cord and -itis mean inflammation (a viral infection of the grey nerve tissue of the spinal cord)

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6
Q

Neuroplasty

NEW-roh-plas-tee

A

neur/o means nerve ,-plasty means surgical removal (the surgical repair of a nerve)

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7
Q

Neurorrhaphy

(new-ROR-ah-fee

A

neur/o means nerve, -rrhaphy mean surgical suturing(suturing together the ends of a severed nerve)

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8
Q

Tonsillitis

ton-sih-LYE-tis

A

Tonsill means tonsils and -itis means inflammation( inflammation of the tonsils)

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9
Q

Tonsillectomy

ton-sih-LECK-toh-mee

A

Tonsill means tonsils and -ectomy means surgical removal(surgical removal of the tonsils)

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10
Q

Gastroenteritis

gas-troh-en-ter-EYE-tis

A

gastr/o means stomach, enter means small intestine and -itis means inflammation (inflammation of the stomach and small intestine)

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11
Q

Cranium

KRAY nee-um

A

Cran/i means skull and -um is a noun (pertaining to the skull)

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12
Q

Cardiac

KAR-dee-ack

A

Cardi means heart and -ac is an noun (pertaining to the heart)

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13
Q

Gastrosis

gas-TROFI-sis

A

gastr/o means stomach and -osis means abnormal condition or disease (abnormal condition or disease in the stomach)

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14
Q

Pathology

pah-THOL-oh-jee

A

Path means disease and -ology means study (the study of diseases)

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15
Q

Gastralgia

gas-TRAL -jee-ah

A

-algia means pain and suffering and gastr means stomach (pain in the stomach, also known as a stomachache)

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16
Q

Gastrodynia

gas-troh-DIN-ee-ah

A

gastr/o means stomach and -dynia means pain (pain in the stomach)

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17
Q

Gastritis

gas-TRY-tis

A

gastr means stomach and -itis means inflammation (inflammation of the stomach)

18
Q

Abdominocentesis

ab-dom-ih-noh-sen-TEE-sis

A

abdomin/o means abdomen and -centesis means a surgical puncture to remove fluid (a surgical puncture that removes fluid for the abdomen)

19
Q

Angiography

(an-jee-OG-rah-fee)

A

angi/o means blood vessel and -graphy means the process of recording (the recording or x rays of the blood vessels)

20
Q

Angiogram

AN jee-oh-gram

A

angi/o means blood vessel and -gram means a picture or record (a picture or recording of the blood vessels)

21
Q

Myoplasty

MY-oh-plas -tee

A

my/o means muscle and -plasty means surgical repair (the surgical repair of a muscle)

22
Q

Arthroscopy

ar-THROS-koh-pee

A

arthr/o means joint and -scopy means visual examination (a visual examination of the joint)

23
Q

Hepatomegaly

hep ah-toh-MEG-ah-lee

A

hepat/o means liver and -megaly means enlargement (abnormal enlargement of the liver)

24
Q

Arteriomalacia

ar-tee-ree-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah

A

arteri/o means artery and -malacia means abnormal softening (an abnormal softening to
the walls of an artery or arteries)

25
Q

Arterionecrosis

ar-tee ree-oh-neh-KROH-sis

A

arteri/o means artery and -necrosis means tissue death (tissue death to an artery or arteries)

26
Q

Arteriosclerosis

ar-tee-ree-oh-skleh-ROH-sis

A

arteri/o means artery and -sclerosis means abnormal hardening (abnormal hardening to the walls of any artery or arteries)

27
Q

Arteriostenosis

ar-tee-ree-oh-steh-NOH-sis

A

arteri/o means artery and -stenosis means abnormal narrowing (abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries)

28
Q

Hemorrhage

HEM-or-idj

A

hem/o means blood and -rrhage means abnormal excessive fluid discharge (a large amount of blood loss within a short time period)

29
Q

Myorrhaphy

my-OR-ah-fee

A

my/o means muscle and -rrhaphy means surgical suturing (the surgical suturing of a muscle wound)

30
Q

Diarrhea

dye-ah-REE-ah

A

dia- means through, and -rrhea means flow or discharge (the frequent flow of loose or watery stools)

31
Q

Myorrhexis

my-oh-RECK sis

A

my/o means muscle and rheuis means rupture ( the rupture of a muscle)

32
Q

Prenatal

pre-NAY-tal

A

pre- means before, nat means birth, and

al means pertaining to ( pertaining to before birth)

33
Q

natal

NAY-tal

A

Nat means birth and al means pertaining to (pertaining to birth)

34
Q

Perinatal

pehr-ih-NAY-tal

A

peri- means surrounding, nat means birth, and -al means pertaining to(the time and events that surround the birth)

35
Q

Suffixes meaning “pertaining to”

A

-ac , -eal, -ior , -al, -ical, -ory, -an, -ial, -ous, -ar, -ic, -tic, -ary, -ine

36
Q

Suffixes Meaning “Abnormal Condition”

A

-ago, -esis, -ia, -iasis, -ion, -ism, -osis

37
Q

Suffixes as noun endings

A

-a, -e, -um, -us, -y

38
Q

Prefixes Describing Direction, Quantity, Size, and Amount

A 
Ab- away from, negative absent
Ad- toward, to, in the direction of
dextr/o: right side
sinistr/o: left side
ex- out of, outside, away from
In- in, into, not, without
Macro- large, abnormal size, long
micr/o, micro- small
Mega-, megal/o- large, great
olig/o- scanty, few
Pre- before
Post- after, behind
39
Q

Contrasting Prefixes: Opposites

A

ab- means away from. Abnormal means not normal or away from normal.
dys- means bad, difficult, or painful. Dysfunctional means an organ or body part that is not working properly
hypo- means deficient or decreased. Hypotension is lower-than-normal blood pressure.
intra- means within or inside. Intramuscular means within the muscle.
ad- means toward or in the direction of Addiction means being drawn toward or having a strong dependence on a drug or substance.
hyper- means excessive or increased. Hypertension is higher-than-normal blood pressure.
inter- means between or among. Interstitial means between, but not within, the parts of
a tissue.
sub- means under, less, or below. Subcostal means below a rib or ribs.
super-, supra- mean above or excessive. Supracostal means above or outside the ribs>

40
Q

Otorhinolaryngology

(oh-toh-rye-noh lar-in-GOL-oh-jee)

A

ot/o means ear, rhin/o means nose,laryng means larynx or throat, and -ology means the study of ( the study of the ears, throat, and nose)

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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