Chapter 1-9 Flashcards
- The determination that prompts surgical care in the hospital is more important than performing time-consuming procedures in the field on a major trauma patient is based MOSTLY on:
local protocols
EMS research
None of these answers
the lead EMT’s decision.
regional trauma guidelines
EMS research
- Which of the following interventions is used by all levels of EMS providers?
Needle decompression
Automatic transport ventilators
Automated external defibrillator
Multilumen airways
Automated external defibrillator
- Which of the following statements regarding the different stages of the grieving process is correct?
The grieving process typically begins with severe depression.
It is rare that people will jump back and forth between stages.
Stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.
Bargaining is the most unpleasant stage of the grieving process.
Stages of the grieving process may occur simultaneously.
- Common factors that influence how a patient reacts to the stress of an illness or injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:
history of chronic disease.
assessment by the EMT.
mental disorders.
fear of medical personnel.
assessment by the EMT.
- While providing care to a patient, blood got onto the ambulance stretcher. Because the stretcher was not properly cleaned afterward, a virus was transmitted to another emergency medical technician (EMT) several days later. Which route of transmission does this scenario describe?
Vector-borne transmission
Airborne transmission
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Indirect contact
- You and your partner arrive at the scene of a major motor vehicle crash. The driver, a young male, is severely entrapped in his car. He has an open head injury and massive facial trauma. He is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a palpable carotid pulse. You should:
have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.
ventilate the patient for 5 minutes and then stop if there is no response.
request the fire department to extricate the patient so you can begin CPR.
stop any active bleeding and advise dispatch to send a paramedic crew
have your partner check for a pulse to confirm that the patient is deceased.
- Putrefaction is defined as:
profound cyanosis to the trunk and face.
decomposition of the body’s tissues.
Separation of the torso from the rest of the body.
blood settling to the lowest point of the body.
decomposition of the body’s tissues.
- In which of the following situations does a legal duty to act clearly exist?
bystander encounters a victim who is not breathing.
The EMT witnesses a vehicle crash while off duty.
A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.
The EMT hears of a cardiac arrest after his or her shift ends.
A call is received 15 minutes prior to shift change.
- Maintaining the chain of evidence at the scene of a crime should include:
placing the patient in a private area until the police arrive
making brief notes at the scene and then completing them later
quickly moving any weapons out of the patient’s sight
not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons
not cutting through holes in clothing that were caused by weapons
- You arrive at the scene of a motor vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. The patient, a 13-year-old male Is unconscious and has multiple injuries. As you are treating the child, a law enforcement officer advises the child’s parents will be at the scene in approximately 15 minutes. What should you do?
Treat the child at the scene and wait for the parents to arrive and give consent
Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.
Begin transport at once and have the parents meet you en route to the hospital.
Withhold treatment until the parents arrive and give you consent for treatment
Transport the child immediately and have the parents meet you at the hospital.
- Medical control gives you an order that seems inappropriate for the patient’s condition. After confirming that you heard the physician correctly, you should:
carry out the order and then carefully document it on the run form
advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification
obtain consent from the patient and then carry out the order as usual.
state that you will not carry out the order because it is inappropriate
advise the physician that the order is unclear and ask for clarification
- Which of the following will help improve radio communications?
Hold the radio at least 6 inches from your mouth
Use codes to speed communication
Answer questions with “yes” or “no.”
Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking
Wait 1 second after pressing the transmit button before speaking
- A diabetic patient has polydipsia. This means that she:
has low blood sugar.
urinates frequently.
is excessively thirsty.
is unable to swallow.
is excessively thirsty.
- “Myo” in the word myocarditis means:
vein
muscle.
bone.
Cartilage
muscle.
- Which of the following suffixes mean “pertaining to?
“-ology” and “-oma”
“-al” and “-ic”
“ic” and “-ology™
“-al” and “-ology”
“-al” and “-ic”
- Which of the following prefixes mean “two”?
“primi-“ and “dipl-“
“bi-“ and “null-“
“primi-“ and “bi-“
“dipl-“ and “bi-“
“dipl-“ and “bi-“
- The inferior cartilaginous tip of the sternum is called the:
xiphoid process.
angle of Louis
sternal notch.
jugular notch.
xiphoid process.
- The elbow is an example of a _____ joint:
Saddle
ball-and-socket
gliding
hinge
hinge
- The vocal cords are located in the:
oropharynx.
pharynx.
Nasopharynx
larynx.
larynx.
- The _______ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium.
Occiput
Sphenoid
Orbit
Mastoid
Orbit
- Twelve pairs of ribs attach to which section of the spinal column?
Thoracic
Coccyx
Sacral
Lumbar
Thoracic
- The human body should be functioning at its optimal level between the ages of:
21 and 30 years
25 and 35 years
18 and 22 years
19 and 25 years
19 and 25 years
- An infant’s blood pressure typically increases with age because:
as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.
the infant’s total blood volume decreases with age.
His or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.
blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.
blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight.
- Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?
The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.
When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the other toes fan outward.
When something touches a neonate’s cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch
An infant’s heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on the heart rate to perfuse the body.
The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at something after being startled.
- The areas of the infant’s skull that have not yet fused together are called:
Fontanelles
Ventricles
cranial valleys
sutures
Fontanelles
- What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?
15-30 breaths/min
25-50 breaths/min.
40-60 breaths/min
12-20 breaths/min
12-20 breaths/min
- When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than inches ________ in front of your torso.
15 to 20
20 to 30 inches
5 to 10 inches
10 to 15 inches
15 to 20
- Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?
The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move.
The patient is dragged against the body’s long axis during an emergency move.
An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.
It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient.
An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.
- When moving a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should:
secure the patient to a scoop stretcher and carry him or her headfirst down the stairs to the awaiting stretcher
collapse the undercarriage of the wheeled stretcher and carefully carry the patient down the stairs on the stretcher
assist the patient in walking down the stairs and place him or her on the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs
place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair
place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair
- The proper technique for using the power grip is to:
lift with your palms up
position your hands about 63 apart
rotate your palms down
hold the handle with your fingers
lift with your palms up
- While transferring a patient to ALS staff, interference should be:
Optimized for care.
kept in place.
minimized overall.
transformed by coordination.
minimized overall.
- Which comes first in EMS decision making?
Data interpretation
Planning
Team communication
Data gathering
Data gathering
- EMTS and other health care providers function as a true team when they work:
under standing orders.
dependently..
interdependently.
independently.
interdependently.
- During a resuscitation attempt, the team leader asks the EMT to ventilate the patient at a rate of 20 breaths/min, and the EMT replies, “Actually, sir, the correct ventilation rate is 10 breaths/min.” This is an example of:
constructive intervention.
quality assurance monitoring.
closed-loop communication.
situational awareness.
constructive intervention.
- Which step in EMS decision making comes after a patient has been transferred?
Data gathering
Team communication
Outcome evaluation
Planning
Outcome evaluation
- When the EMT assists a paramedic with an advanced intervention, he or she should recall that the focus of the intervention is on:
solving a clinical problem.
completing the procedure.
learning to perform the skill.
following local protocol.
solving a clinical problem.
- When working as an independent health care group member, the EMT should expect that he or she:
does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task.
will rely on the group leader for making virtually all decisions.
will be specifically instructed on how to perform a specific task.
will receive no support or guidance from an EMS supervisor.
does not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task.
- To be a great EMT, strive for:
retraining.
the chance to replace an EMR.
foundational knowledge.
management work.
foundational knowledge.
- Which of the following is an example of closed-loop communication?
The EMT requests permission from medical control to assist a patient with his prescribednitroglycerin.
The team leader assigns the EMT a task, and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader.
EMTS decide not to attempt resuscitation because the patient has rigor mortis and is cold to the touch.
The EMT corrects the team leader, who states that chest compressions should be greater than 3 inches deep.
The team leader assigns the EMT a task, and the EMT repeats the request back to the team leader.
- While transferring patient care to another health care provider, you should be:
patient.
respectful
assertive
aggressive.
respectful
- An effective team leader should:
perform all difficult interventions.
command his or her team.
help the team accomplish goals.
refrain from any direct patient care
help the team accomplish goals.
- While providing care to a patient, the EMT informs her partner that a shotgun is leaning against the wall in the corner of the room. In making this observation, the EMT has demonstrated:
closed-loop communication.
crew resource management.
situational awareness.
constructive intervention.
situational awareness.
- When assisting an ALS worker, a BLS worker who performs a skill outside his or her level of certification:
is striving for promotion to ALS.
plays a team role.
risks a lawsuit.
needs incident command authorization.
risks a lawsuit.
- Which of the following would the paramedic be LEAST likely to ask the EMT to do?
Intubate a patient
Apply a tourniquet
Obtain vital signs
Assess blood glucose
Intubate a patient
- Health care teams that infrequently train and work together:
often work better under pressure.
need less-explicit verbal direction.
can create delays in patient care.
are unable to accomplish their tasks.
can create delays in patient care.
- A team of EMTs is caring for a critically injured patient. The team leader advises the EMT that transport will not begin until the patient’s closed forearm fracture is splinted. Utilizing the crew resource management model, the EMT should:
disregard the team leader’s request and contact medical control for guidance.
advise the team leader that immediate transport is more important than splinting
ensure that the entire team is aware that transport will be delayed for splinting.
repeat the request back to the team leader and then splint the patient’s arm.
advise the team leader that immediate transport is more important than splinting
- For patient handoff, it is important for EMTS and hospital staff to use:
shared training.
metric-sized tools.
common language
common goals.
common language
- Premature diagnosis during a call can be due to what error?
Anchoring
Overconfidence
Bias
Streamlining.
Anchoring
- Which of the following would MOST likely facilitate an accurate and effective verbal handoff report at the hospital?
Brief pause in care to provide the verbal report.
Providing the handoff report only to a physician.
Use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format
Clearly identifying your EMS certification level.
Use of a mutually agreed-upon handoff format
