Chapter 1

Question 1

Drugs metabolised by CYP450 enzymes

Answer 1

COWPATS
C - ciclosporin, citalopram, carbamazepine
O - oral contraceptive
W - warfarin
P - phenytoin, protease inhibs
A - achesterase inhibs
T - tacrolimus, theophylline
S - steroids, statins, sildenafil

Question 2

CYP450 Inducers

Answer 2

CRAP GPS
C - carbamazepine
R - rifampicin
A - alcohol (chronic)
P - phenytoin
G - griseofulvin
P - phenobarbitone
S - sulphonylureas

Question 3

CYP450 Inhibitors

Answer 3

SICK FACES.COM AM DJ
S - sodium valproate
I - isoniazid
C - ciprofloxacin
K - ketoconazole
F - fluoxetine
A - allopurinol, alcohol (acute)
C - chloramphenicol
E - erythromycin
S - sulphonamides
C - cimetidine
O - omeprazole
M - metronidazole
A - amioderone
D - disulfiram
J - juice (grapefruit)

Question 4

Drugs stopped prior to surgery (8)

Answer 4

I LACK OP
I - insulin
L - lithium - day before
A - anticoags/antiplatelets - sometimes continued
C - COCP/HRT - 4 weeks before
K - K+ sparing diuretics - day of
O - oral hypoglycaemics
P - perindopril and other ACEis - day of

Question 5

Drugs NOT to stop prior to surgery

Answer 5

Calcium channel blockers

Beta-blockers

Question 6

Drugs to increase during surgery

Answer 6

Long-term steroids