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Sociology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world called?

A

The sociological imagination

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2
Q

Who is most closely associated with the concept of the sociological imagination?

A

C. Wright Mills

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3
Q

A key element in the sociological imagination is the ability to view one’s own society as what?

A

An outsider

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4
Q

What is the scientific study of social behavior and human groups known as?

A

Sociology

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5
Q

The body of knowledge obtained using methods based on systematic observation is called what?

A

Science

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6
Q

Sociologists is considered a science because sociologists…

A

Engage in organized and systematic study of phenomenon to enhance understanding

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7
Q

What subject area is considered a natural science?

A

Astronomy

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8
Q

Sociology, anthropology, and. History study various aspects of human society and are therefore considered what?

A

Social sciences

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9
Q

Which of the following academic disciplines emphasizes the influence that society has on people’s attitudes and behavior and the ways in which people shape society?

A

Sociology

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10
Q

Which social science would be interested in the actions taken by elected officials both during and in the aftermath of the earthquake in Haiti?

A

Political science

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11
Q

Sociologists argue that, unlike scientific knowledge, common sense conclusions are not…

A

Reliable

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12
Q

An attempt to explain problems, actions, or behavior in a comprehensive manner is called a(n)

A

Theory

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13
Q

In Emile Durkheim’s study of suicide, he related suicide rates to…

A

The extent to which people were integrated into the group Life of a society

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14
Q

Emile Durkheim is known for his classic sociological study of

A

Suicide

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15
Q

The discipline of sociology was given its name by the French theorist

A

Auguste Comte

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16
Q

Which sociologist translated the works of Auguste Comte into English and emphasized the impact, the economy, laws, trade, and population could have on social problems?

A

Harriet Martineau

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17
Q

Which early sociologist applied the concept of evolution to societies in order to explain how they change or evolve over time?

A

Herbert Spencer

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18
Q

Anomie refers to a…

A

Loss of direction that is felt in a society when social control of individual behavior has become inaffective

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19
Q

The word that Max Weber used to stress the need for sociologists to take into account people’s emotions, thoughts, beliefs, understandings, and attitudes was

A

Werstehen

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20
Q

An ideal type is a(n)

A

Construct or model that serves as a measure rod against which actual cases can be evaluated

21
Q

In the Communist Manifesto, Marx argued that the working class must

A

Overthrow the existing class system of capitalist societies

22
Q

Karl Marx and Friedrich ENgels said, “The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of the working class struggles… The _____ have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES. UNITE!”

A

Proletariots

23
Q

Which of the following sociologists advocated basic research on the lives of the blacks?

A

W.E.B. Dubois

24
Q

In 1909, W.E.B. Dubois helped found which of these organizations?

A

NAACP

25
Q

Bubois developed the concept of ____ to describe the experience of being black in White America — a division of an individual’s identity into two or more social realities?

A

Double consciousness

26
Q

In his study of society, Charles Horton Cooley focused on …

A

Intimate face-to-face groups

27
Q

Which sociologist is especially known for making an important contribution to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research?

A

Robert Merton

28
Q

Which sociologist saw society as a vast network of connected parts, each of which helps to maintain the system as a whole?

A

Talcott Parsons

29
Q

Sociological studies that focus on large-scale phenomena or entire civilizations are known as

A

Macrosociology

30
Q

___ stresses the study of small groups and often uses experimental study in laboratories

A

Microsociology

31
Q

A study of divorce rates among the populations of Canada, England, The U.S. and France is an example of…

A

Macrosociology

32
Q

A sociologist studies dug-use patterns among the small groups of college students in a Midwestern college. This would be an example of…

A

Microsociology

33
Q

A Sociologist who studies teh unequal economic reality between men and women would probably be following which of the following perspectives?

A

Conflict

34
Q

Which sociological perspective would view society as a living organism in which each part of the organism contributes to its survival and stability?

A

Functionalist perspectives

35
Q

Which of the following could be a manifest function of colleges?

A

They prepare students for post-college careers

36
Q

An element or process of society that may actually disrupt a social system or lead to a decrease in stability is known as a

A

Conflict function

37
Q

Contemporary conflict theorists are concerned with the conflict between

A

Women and Men

38
Q

Which sociological approach focuses on the macro level and wold tend to view inequality ion gender as central to behavior and organization?

A

Feminist perspective

39
Q

Which sociologist explored what it meant to be female and Black living in the U.S.?

A

Ida Wells-Barnett

40
Q

Which sociological perspective generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to understand society as a whole?

A

Interactionist perspective

41
Q

Which sociological perspective holds the view that people create their social worlds through interaction and manipulation of symbols?

A

Interactionist

42
Q

Which sociologist is widely regarded as the founder of the interactionist perspective?

A

George Herbert Meade

43
Q

Inequality, capitalism, and stratification, and stratification are key concepts of which theoretical perspective?

A

Conflict perspective

44
Q

Which sociological perspective would highlight the reluctance among professional athletes too display to display any sexual identity other than heterosexual in public?

A

Queer theory

45
Q

Pure sociology is also known as

A

Basic sociology

46
Q

The use of discipline of sociology with the specific intent of altering social relationships or restructuring social institutions is known as

A

Clinical socioogy

47
Q

The use of sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations is referred to as

A

Applied sociology

48
Q

The fact that the September 11, 2001, Terrorist attacks in the U.S. led to an economic decline throughout the world is an example of

A

Globalization

49
Q

A condition in which member of society have differing amounts of wealth, prestige, or power is referred to as

A

Social inequality

Sociology (5 decks)

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