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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-algia

A

pain, suffering

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2
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, or painful

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3
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal, cutting out

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4
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, increased

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5
Q

hypo-

A

deficient, decreased

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6
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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7
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition, disease

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8
Q

-ostomy

A

the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

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9
Q

-otomy

A

cutting, surgical incision eg. episiotomy

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10
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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11
Q

-rrhage

A

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge

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12
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing

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13
Q

-rrhea

A

flow or discharge

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14
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

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15
Q

-sclerosis

A

abnormal hardening

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16
Q

-centesis

A

a surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

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17
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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18
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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19
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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20
Q

melan/o

A

black

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21
Q

poli/o

A

gray

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22
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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23
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

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24
Q

abdominocentesis

A

The surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid.

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25
Q

acronym

A

A word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term

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26
Q

Acute

A

An acute condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration.

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27
Q

angiography

A

The process of producing a radiographic (x-ray) study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible.

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28
Q

angiogram

A

The resulting film that is produced by angiography.

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29
Q

appendectomy

A

The surgical removal of the appendix.

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30
Q

arteriomalacia

A

The abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries.

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31
Q

arterionecrosis

A

The tissue death of an artery or arteries.

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32
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

The abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries.

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33
Q

arteriostenosis

A

The abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries.

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34
Q

Arthroscopy

A

The visual examination of the internal structure of a joint.

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35
Q

arthralgia

A

Pain in a joint or joints.

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36
Q

cardiac

A

An adjective that means pertaining to the heart.

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37
Q

chronic

A

A chronic condition is of long duration. Although such diseases can be controlled, they are rarely cured.

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38
Q

colostomy

A

The surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface.

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39
Q

cranium

A

The portion of the skull that encloses the brain.

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40
Q

cyanosis

A

A blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood.

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41
Q

dermatologist

A

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin.

42
Q

diagnosis (DX)

A

The identification of a disease.

43
Q

differential diagnosis (D/DX)

A

Also known as a rule out (R/O), is an attempt to determine which one of the several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present.

44
Q

Diarrhea

A

The frequent flow of loose or watery stools.

45
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body.

46
Q

Endarterial

A

Pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery.

47
Q

Eponym

A

A disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first. Eg. Alois Alzheimer.

48
Q

Erythrocyte

A

A mature red blood cell.

49
Q

Eupnea

A

Easy or normal breathing

50
Q

fissure

A

A groove or crack-like sore of the skin. This term also describes normal folds in the contours of the brain.

51
Q

fistula

A

An abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body. A fistula may be due to surgery, injury, or the draining of an abscess.

52
Q

gastralgia & gastrodynia

A

Pain in the stomach.

53
Q

gastritis

A

An inflammation of the stomach.

54
Q

Gastrosis

A

Any disease of the stomach.

55
Q

hemorrhage

A

The loss of a large amount of blood in a short time.

56
Q

hepatomegaly

A

Abnormal enlargement of the liver.

57
Q

hypertension

A

Higher than normal blood pressure.

58
Q

Hypotension

A

Lower than normal blood pressure.

59
Q

Ileum

A

The last and longest portion of the small intestine. Memory aid: ileum is spelled with an e as in intestine.

60
Q

Ilium

A

Part of the hip bone. Memory aid: ilium is spelled with an I as in hip.

61
Q

infection

A

The invasion of the body by a pathogenic (disease-producing) organism. The infection can remain localized (near the point of entry) or can by systemic (affecting the entire body).

62
Q

Inflammation

A

A localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues. The key indicators of inflammation are erythema (redness), hyperthermia (heat), edema (swelling), and pain. These are caused by extra blood flowing into the area as part of the healing process.

63
Q

interstitial

A

Between, but not within, the parts of a tissue.

64
Q

intramuscular

A

Within the muscle.

65
Q

Laceration

A

A torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut.

66
Q

lesion

A

A pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury.

67
Q

leukocyte

A

A white blood cell.

68
Q

malaise

A

A word of French origin referring to a feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection or other disease.

69
Q

melanosis

A

Any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs.

70
Q

mycosis

A

Any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus.

71
Q

Myopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

72
Q

myoplasty

A

The surgical repair of a muscle wound.

73
Q

myorrhexis

A

The rupture of a muscle.

74
Q

natal

A

pertaining to birth.

75
Q

neonatology

A

The study of disorders of the newborn.

76
Q

Neurorraphy

A

Suturing together the ends of a severed nerve.

77
Q

neuroplasty

A

Surgical repair of a nerve.

78
Q

otorhinolaryngology

A

The study of the ears, nose, and throat.

79
Q

palpation

A

An examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts.

80
Q

palpitation

A

A pounding or racing heart.

81
Q

pathology

A

The study of all aspects of diseases.

82
Q

perinatal

A

The time and events surrounding birth.

83
Q

phalanges

A

The bones of the fingers and toes.

84
Q

poliomyelitis

A

A viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord.

85
Q

postnatal

A

The time and events after birth.

86
Q

prenatal

A

The time and events before birth.

87
Q

prognosis

A

A prediction of the probably course and outcome of a disease (plural, pronoses)

88
Q

pyoderma

A

Any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo.

89
Q

pyrosis

A

Also known as heartburn, is discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus.

90
Q

remission

A

The temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure.

91
Q

sign

A

Objective evidence of disease.

92
Q

subcostal

A

Below a rib or ribs.

93
Q

supination

A

The act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward.

94
Q

suppuration

A

The formation or discharge of pus.

95
Q

supracostal

A

Above or outside the ribs.

96
Q

symptom

A

Subjective evidence of a disease, such as pain or a headache.

97
Q

syndrome

A

A set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process.

98
Q

tonsillitis

A

An inflammation of the tonsils.

99
Q

trauma

A

Wound or injury. These are types of injuries that might occur in an accident, shooting, natural disaster, or fire.

100
Q

triage

A

The medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment.

101
Q

viral

A

Pertaining to a virus.

102
Q

myelopathy

A

Any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord.

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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