Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Biology?

Answer 1

Scientific study of living things

Question 2

Biology is derived from 2 greek words Bios and Logus, which each mean?

Answer 2

Bios means life and logus means science

Question 3

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

Answer 3

Cells

Question 4

Major difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?

Answer 4

Eukaryotes have a nucleus and Prokaryotes dont

Question 5

What is a chromosome?

Answer 5

A structure that contains DNA

Question 6

How are chromosomes lined up in Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes?

Answer 6

Prokaryotes are lined up Circular while Eukaryotes are lined up Linear

Question 7

What are Chromosomes composed of?

Answer 7

DNA and Proteins ( Histone for Eukaryotes and non-histone Prokaryotes)

Question 8

What is DNA?

Answer 8

Molecule that carries genetic information for growth, development and reproduction

Question 9

What is a gene?

Answer 9

Specific sequence of DNA that codes for a specific protein

Question 10

Chromosomes are located in what organelle in a eukaryotic cell? Prokaryotic cell?

Answer 10

Eukaryotic cell is located in Nucleus and Prokaryotes are located in Nucleoid

Question 11

What is transcription?

Answer 11

Synthesis of mRNA from DNA

Question 12

What is translation?

Answer 12

Synthesis of Proteins from mRNA

Question 13

What is the product of gene expression?

Answer 13

A new functional protein

Question 14

The DNA structure is a?

Answer 14

Double Helix

Question 15

Both strands run?

Answer 15

Antiparallel

Question 16

What are the two major processes in the ecosystem?

Answer 16

Energy Flow and Chemical Cycling

Question 17

What is the major source of energy in the earth?

Answer 17

Sun

Question 18

During energy transformation, what energy is released?

Answer 18

ATP

Question 19

Explain Mutualism?

Answer 19

Both organism benefit from each other i.e. “mutual”

Question 20

Explain Commensalism?

Answer 20

One organism is benefited (commensal) and the other organism is not affected

Question 21

Explain Parasitism?

Answer 21

One organism is benefited (i.e. the parasite) and one organism is hurt (i.e. the host)

Question 22

What are the three Domains?

Answer 22

Bacteria, Archea, and Eukarya

Question 23

Which domains are unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 23

Bacteria are Unicellular, Archea are Unicellular, Eukarya Unicellular and Multicellular

Question 24

List the 4 Domain under Eukarya

Answer 24

Plantae, Animalia, Fungi, and Protista

Question 25

Which of the Domains under Eukarya are Multicellular and which are unicellular?

Answer 25

Plantae are Multicellular, Animalia are Multicellular, Fungi some Unicellular(Yeast) and the rest are mulitcellular, Protista are Unicellular.

Question 26

In Charles Darwin’s book, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection published in 1859 what are the two main points?

Answer 26

Species showed evidence of “descent with modification” from common ancestors and Natural selection is the mechanism behind “descent with modification”