Chapter 1 Flashcards
The UN predicts that by 2050 about ____ of the planet’s population will live in cities.
two thirds
100 years ago, only __% of the planet’s population lived in cities
14%
The first time more than 50% of world’s population lived in urban areas
mid 1990’s
Inter-metropolitan/Urban systems
Highlights relations among a system or group of cities at a regional, national or global level.
- system of centers
Intrametropolitan
Highlights internal locational arrangements of humans, activities and institutions within metropolitan areas.
- activities within a center
- How is space structured within cities?
Spatial interaction
volume of flows and linkages over space among/within cities
Site
physical character of a location
Situation
where a site is located relative to other locations
Epistemology
the theory of knowledge, particularly with regard to its methods, validity, and scope
Positivism
- epistemology of the scientific method
- objectivity
- “one reality”
- knowledge is thought to be cumulative
- knowledge is thought to have a liberating impact on society
Structuralism
- marxism
- our world cannot be directly observed
- Our world must be understood in terms of larger, overarching structures
- Everything we do, how we think, feel and perceive, is influenced by underlying structures.
- there are deep structural realities that resist easy measurement
- urbanism can only be understood through deep understanding of capitalism in various historical forms
Humanism
- focused on meaning and experience
- focus on attitudes, perceptions, values towards place and landscape
- anthropocentric
- positivism - too scientific in nature
Distance Decay
reduction in the amount of movement/spatial interaction between two places the further they are apart
(world population) the mid-1990’s marked what?
The first time more than 50% of the world’s population lived in urban areas
Metropolitan Area
an extended form of urban area that consists of a large politically defined central city plus all of the surrounding areas that contain suburbs economically interconnected with the central city.
Regional approach to urban geography
A study of a limited number of places over a larger range of topics or attributes
Topical approach to urban geography
A study of one or a few characteristics over a wide range of places
Four epistemological approaches to the study of urban geogaphy
- Positivism
- Structuralism
- Humanism
- Poststructuralism
Poststructuralism
- ultimate generalizable truth cannot be found
- real “truth” may (or may not even) exist, but either way it is unattainable
- goal is not to produce truths that operate everywhere in the same way
- realities are socially produced
Urban Geography
The geographical study of urban space and urban ways of being.
Geography
The study of interdependence and interaction among geographic areas, natural systems, processes, society and cultural activities over space. A spatial science.
Population will peak in ____
2100 at 11.2 billion
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
Paradigm
World view at the time (collective understanding)
Fertility Rate in Canada
1.8
Rural-Urban Continuum
Wilderness Farm Hamlet Low-Density Exurb Village (1k) Small Town(3k) Inner-Ring Suburb Large Town (9k) Small city (10k) City (10k-15k) Large City Major City Manhattan
How many people make up a city
10,000 people. (nelson)
Most sustainable urban dense area in the world
Manhattan
