Chapter 1

Question 1

Organizational Behavior

Answer 1

Study of what people think, feel, and do in and around organizations

Question 2

Organizations

Answer 2

Groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose; modes of interaction (CEO is apptmt first, then assistant, ask assistant); objectives may not be agreed

Question 3

Organizational Behavior Emerged

Answer 3

Early 1940s

Question 4

Elton Mayo

Answer 4

Established “Human Relations”

Question 5

Organizational Effectiveness

Answer 5

The “ultimate dependent variable” in OB. Broad concept represented by several perspectives, including the organization’s fit with the external environment, internal subsystems configuration for high performance, emphasis on org learning, and an ability to satisfy the needs of key stakeholders

Question 6

Four perspectives of organizational effectiveness

Answer 6

Open systems; organizational learning; high-performance work practices; stakeholders

Question 7

Open Systems Perspective

Answer 7

Holds that organizations depend on the external environment for resources, affect that environment through their output, and consist of internal subsystems that transform inputs to outputs; feedback: employees, competitors, customers, etc.

Question 8

Organizational efficiencey

Answer 8

Also called productivity, the ration of outputs relative to inputs in the org’s transformation process

Question 9

Organizational Learning Perspective

Answer 9

A perspective that holds that org effectiveness depends on the org’s capacity to acquire, share (cubicle mate), use (freedom to fail, autonomy), and store valuable knowledge; anthropomorphic of an organization: as ppl learn so does org

Question 10

Intellectual capital

Answer 10

A company’s stock of knowledge, including human capital, structural capital, and relationship capital

Question 11

Human capital

Answer 11

Stock of knowledge, skills, and abilities among employees that provide economic value to the organization

Question 12

Structural capital

Answer 12

Also called org capital, knowledge embedded in an org’s systems and structures such as documentation of work procedures and the physical layout of the production line

Question 13

Relationship capital

Answer 13

Value derived from an org’s relationship with customers, suppliers, and others (Home builder builds spec house, suppliers, lumber, price, and relationship)

Question 14

Org Learning Process

Answer 14

Knowledge acquisition; knowledge sharing; knowledge use; knowledge storage and org memory

Question 15

High-Performance Work Practices Perspective

Answer 15

Perspective that holds that effective orgs incorporate several workplace practices that leverage the potential of human capital, i.e. employee involvement, job autonomy, competency development, and rewards for performance.

Question 16

Stakeholder Perspective

Answer 16

Individuals, groups, and other entities that affect, or are affected by, the org’s objectives and actions.

Question 17

Values

Answer 17

Relatively stable, evaluative beliefs that guides a person’s preferences for outcomes or courses of action in a variety of situations

Question 18

Ethics

Answer 18

Study of moral principles or values that determine whether actions are right or wrong and outcomes are good or bad

Question 19

Corporate Social Responsibility

Answer 19

Org activities intended to benefit society and the environment beyond the firm’s immediate financial interests or legal obligations (triple bottom line philosophy: economic, social, and environmental spheres of stustainability)

Question 20

Globalization

Answer 20

Economic, social, and cultural connectivity with people in other parts of the world

Question 21

Surface-Level Diversity

Answer 21

Observable demographic or physiological differences in people, such as their race, ethnicity, gender, age, and physical disabilities

Question 22

Deep-Level Diversity

Answer 22

Difference in the psychological characteristics of employees, including personalities, beliefs, values, and attitudes; what orgs hire based on

Question 23

Work-life balance

Answer 23

The degree to which a person minimizes conflict between work and non-work demands

Question 24

Virtual work

Answer 24

Work performed away from the traditional physical workplace, using information technology

Question 25

Anchors of org behavior and knowledge

Answer 25

Systematic research anchor (study orgs using systematic research methods); Multidisciplinary anchor (import knowledge from other disciplines, not just create its own knowledge); Contingency anchor (recognize that the effectiveness of an action may depend on the situation); Multiple levels of analysis anchor (Understand OB events from three levels of analysis: micro, meso, macro)

Question 26

Knowledge acquisition

Answer 26

Experimental, patents

Question 27

Globalization

Answer 27

Challenge that affects economic, social, and cultural connectivity and interdependence with people in other parts of the world; new structures, more diverse, different comm; No more single nation corps (IBM, SAS, Apple) Structures (GM Aust, Forld/Lincoln)