Chapter 1 Flashcards
Give the two definitions of communication
transmission of a message from a source to a receiver, the process of creating a shared meaning **
Harold Lasswell
political scientist that made a convenient way to describe communication is answering five questions:
who? says what? through which channel? to whom? with what effect?
There must be ____ of a meaning for communication to take place
sharing
feedback
response
communication is a ____ and ____ process
reciprocal and ongoing process
Who was Wilbur Schramm
communication researcher, used ideas from Charles Osgood to visually represent interpersonal communication
interpersonal communication
communication between two or a few people
The Osgood and Schramm Model of communication states that precipitants are ___ because there are no clear sources and receivers in a reciprocal process
interpreters
encoding vs. decoding
encoding- transformed into understandable sign and symbol system
decoding- signs and symbols are decoded
What is missing from the Osgood and Schramm Model
noise
noise
anything that interferes with successful communication
medium
means of sending information
mass medium
when the medium is a technology that carries messages to large amounts of people
mass communication
process of creating a shared meaning between mass media and their audiences
In Schramms mass communication model, feedback is represented by:
a dotted line- inferential feedback
inferential feedback
indirect rather than direct feedback
James W. Carey
media theorist that offered a cultural definition of communication
cultural definition of communication
Communication is a symbolic process whereby reality is produced, maintained, repaired, and transformed
James W. Carey’s definition states that what two things are linked
communication and reality
culture
the learned behavior of members of a given social group
Benefits to culture
it helps define us and our world
How are communication and culture related
through communication over time we have learned what our culture expects of us
dominant culture/ mainstream culture
the culture that holds sway with majority of people
bounded/ co-cultures
smaller cultures within a national culture
technology determinism
machines and their development drive economic and cultural change
media literacy
the ability to effectively and efficiently comprehend and use any form of communication
what book did Gutenberg produce using Korea metal mold printing
the bible
Stuart Ewen
media professor that compared media literacy with traditional literacy
Art Silverlatt
media scholar that identified the seven fundamental elements of media literacy
List the components of media literacy
A critical thinking skill that allows someone to independently judge media content, an understanding of the mass communication process, awareness of the impact of media on the individual and society, strategies for analyzing media messages, understanding that media content leads to culture, the ability to understand media content
multiple points of access
to be able to approach media content from a variety of directions and choose a media type according to one’s preference
third person effect
the common attitude that others are influenced by media messages but that we are not
Know the seven media literacy skills for humans
ability to filter out noise, understand and respect media messages, be able to react accordingly to a media message, develop expectations, know when genres are being mixed, know credibility of media messages
genre
categories of expression within the different media
convenctions
standardized style elements that characterize genres
production values
the choice of lighting, editing, special effects, etc.
what is parchment
paper from dried animal skins
Chinese invented the _____ which used ___ letters, but Gutenberg gave it metal letters
Print Press, wooden letters
What event in history printed the Bible over and over?
The Industrial Revolution
