Chapter 1 Flashcards
Rebirth of art and learning
Renaissance
Focused on human potential and achievements
Humanism
Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual situations
Secular
Financial support for artists
Patrons
Appearance of 3 dimensions on a flat surface
Perspective
Native language
Vernacular
Conveys the classical influence of the Renaissance
School of Athens
How did the merchant class in northern Italy influence the Renaissance?
Became patrons of art and had their portraits painted
How did art change during the Renaissance?
New emphasis on individuals
Often portrayed religious subjects but he used realistic style and copied from classical models
Greek + Roman also became popular
No place
Utopia
Machines that presses paper against a tray of inked movable type
Printing Press
How did Northern European rulers encourage the spread of Renaissance ideas?
Francis I of France bought painting of Da Vinci
Also invited Da Vinci to retire in France
Hired Italian artists to rebuild his castle
How does Albrecht Dürer’s work reflect Renaissance ideas?
Emphasis upon realism influenced the work of other artists artists, also VERY popular
What did Christian humanists set out to do, and what method did they use?
Tries to improve society because wrote about it in their books and stated their ideas
Pardon from sin
Indulgence
Movement for religious reform
Reformation
Luther and his followers separate religious group
Lutherans
Christians who belong to non-Catholic churches
Protestants
Religion of each German state decided by its ruler
Peace of Augsburg
Set aside
Annul
Church of England
Anglican Vhruch
What act by Martin Luther set off the Reformation?
Nailing his 95 thesis on the church’s door
Why did the Holy Roman Emperor go to war against Protestant German prices?
He wanted his subjects to stay Catholic
How did England establish a state church apart from the Catholic Church?
Pope wouldn’t let Henry VIII get his marriage annulled so he took away the popes power and made Henry VIII the head of the Church of England in the act of Supremacy
Thinking that god knows from beginning who’ll be saved
Predestination
Religion based on Calvin’s teachings
Calvinism
Followers of Knox
Presbyterians
People believed that if you’re baptized as a child you must get baptized again as an adult
Anabaptists
Helping catholics remain loyal
Catholic Reformation
Members of the of the order called society of Jesus
Jesuits
Where catholic bishops and doctrines agreed on several doctrines
Council of Trent
What were the main teachings of John Calvin?
Taught that men and women are sinful by nature and that god knows who will be saved from the beginning and that a theocracy government is the best
What role did the Jesuits play in the Catholic Reformation?
Founded superb schools throughout Europe
Convert non-Christians to Catholicism
Stop Protestantism from spreading
Government controlled by religious leaders
Theocracy
First full-size book printed by the printing press
Gutenburg Bible
