chapter 1 Flashcards
where is Upper Canada?
“up” the St. Lawrence River; part of present-day Ontario
where is Lower Canada?
“down” the St. Lawrence River; part of present day Quebec
who came to Canada after the end of the War of 1812 and why?
immigrants from Europe and the United States because land was cheap
what were loyalists?
Americans who did not support the American Revolution and who remained loyal to Britain
who were the métis?
people of French and native ancestry
which Canadian city attracted entrepreneurs and from where?
Montreal attracted entrepreneurs from America and Scotland
what is a monopoly?
exclusive ownership because of legal privilege
what is a money economy?
an economy that uses cash
who were land speculators?
people who buy property at a low price and then sell it at a higher price without spending much of their own money
what were clergy and crown reserves?
blocks of land set aside to provide income (through sale or rent) for the government and for the Anglican Church. they took up two-sevenths of all land in upper Canada. since they were scattered through townships, they blocked road development, and tied up prime, arable land.
what is a barter economy?
an economy by trading of products and services
what was the family compact?
a small group of officials who helped run upper Canada. they were descendants of loyalists and believed in the rightness of the aristocracy and the importance of ties to Britain. they were snobbish to the extreme.
what is republican?
democratic, without a monarch as head of state
who was Canada’s first governor?
John Graves Simcoe
what are coffin ships?
death ships. many people died while travelling in steerage. the bodies were dumped overboard
