Chapter 1

Question 1

epidermal growth factor (EGF)

Answer 1

sources - activated macrophages
functions - Mitogenic for keratinocytes and fibroblasts; stimulates keratinocyte migration; stimulates formation of granulation tissue

Question 2

transforming growth factor alpha (TFG alpha)

Answer 2

sources - macrophages

functions - Stimulates proliferation of hepatocytes and many other epithelial cells

Question 3

hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)

Answer 3

source - fibroblasts, stromal cells in liver, endothelial cells
functions - enhances proliferation of hepatocytes and other epithelial cells; increases cell motility

Question 4

vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)

Answer 4

source - mesenchymal cells 
function - Stimulates proliferation of endothelial cells; increases vascular permeability

Question 5

platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)

Answer 5

source - platelets, macrophages, endothelial cells, smooth mm, keratinocytes
functions - Chemotactic for neutrophils, macrophages, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells; activates and stimulates proliferation of fibroblasts, endothelial, and other cells; stimulates ECM protein synthesis

Question 6

fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)

Answer 6

sources - macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, many other cell types
functions - Chemotactic and mitogenic for fibroblasts; stimulates angiogenesis and ECM protein synthesis

Question 7

transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta)

Answer 7

source - platelets, T lymphocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, keratinocytes, smooth mm cells, fibroblasts
functions -Chemotactic for leukocytes and fibroblasts; stimulates ECM protein synthesis; suppresses acute inflammation

Question 8

keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)

Answer 8

source - fibroblasts

functions - Stimulates keratinocyte migration, proliferation, and differentiation