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Z-Technical Skills Integration > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does OAML stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Association of Medical Laboratories

Works with government to represent medical lab field and assist in forming legislations, health programs, policies, etc

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2
Q

What does OSMT stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Society of Medical Technologists

Ontario version of CSMLS. Con Ed, certification, and professional image for MLTs

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3
Q

What does CSMLS stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Scientists

National certification, con Ed, set professional medical laboratory standards

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4
Q

what does CLSI stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

Global institute- 4000 world ahealth care organizations & governing bodies

Set global standards and guidelines for all testing and procurement procedures.

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5
Q

What is proficiency testing?

A

Evaluates quality of laboratory performance based on accuracy, precision, and speed in testing of control samples sent out to labs

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6
Q

what does OLA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Laboratory Accreditation

Operate under the OMA and MOHLTC to certify laboratories to be allowed to test.

5 year, 2 year, or withdrawal of accreditation

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7
Q

What does IQMH stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Institute for Quality Management in Healthcare

Responsible for quality of laboratory services

Accreditation- 5 year cycle
Proficiency Testing- slides sent out for assessment
Education- con Ed

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8
Q

What does PHIPA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Personal Health Information Safety Act

Protecting individual health care information

Defines rules for A) collection of info
B)sharing of info
C) use of info

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9
Q

what does PIPEDA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Personal Information Protection for Electronic Documents Act

Oversees facilitation of confidentiality and protection of personal health info.

Handles complaints of violations

Ensures compliance through audits and is overseen by the privacy commissioner of Canada

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10
Q

What is the order of the laboratory hierarchy?

A 
Laboratory/ Medical director
Laboratory manager 
laboratory Supervisor(also reports to director) 
Laboratory senior 
MLT
MLA /T
clerical
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11
Q

What is the role of laboratory pathologists?

A

Pathologists oversee lab tests and consult (physicians clinical)

Also anatomical pathology which includes biopsies and histology, etc

Each lab discipline must have at least 1 pathologist (directly below medical director)

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12
Q

What do Laboratory seniors do?

A

Scheduling, quality controls analysis

Technical inquiries

Performs small amounts of testing daily

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13
Q

What so laboratory supervisors do?

A

Technical inquiries

Supervises tests and lab personnel

May do tests in small labs

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14
Q

What do laboratory managers do?

A

Oversee budgets and labs

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15
Q

What do medical directors do?

A

Oversee administrative aspects of technical and scientific operations.

Supervise and report test results

Endures legal requirements are met

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16
Q

What are rules for storing chemicals in laboratories?

A

Only keep/store what is needed

Keep complete inventory of supplies

Keep away from sunlight and heat

Store liquids below eye level

Shelves should have lips and large containers should be placed on lower shelves

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17
Q

What are some rules for handling chemical waste in a lab?

A

Chem. Waste must be inventoried and stored the same as normal waste

Must be disposed of by licensed company (Detox)

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18
Q

What is Class F of WHMIS and what are some precautions to take when handing them?

A

Dangerously reactive materials

Unstable and at react to jarring, compression, heat, etc

May produce gasses or explode when mixed

Store away from any factors that may cause reaction

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19
Q

What substances are class E and what are some rules for handling them?

A

Corrosive materials

Can erode metals and burn body tissues

Are oxidizers and are therefore incompatible with flammable materials

Do not store in fridge, and always use in fume hood

May react to produce heat and gasses

Store acids and bases separately

Use acid resistant safety cabinet and use the most dilute solutions possible

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20
Q

What are class D materials and what are some general use rules?

A

Poisonous and infectious materials

Use bio safety cabinets for dangerous substances

d1- immediate effect
D2- long term effects
D3- biohazardous

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21
Q

What are class c materials and how should they be handled?

A

Oxidizing materials

Use in solutions, not dry form

22
Q

What are class b substances and what precautions should be taken?

A

Flammable and combustible material

B1- flammable gas
B2- flammable liquid
B3- combustible liquid
b4-flammable solid 
B5- flammable aerosol
B6-reactive flammable material

Stored in flammable cabinets

Small amounts kept in safety hoods

Contents and location of class b must be labelled on a map

23
Q

What is a class a substance?

A

Compressed gas

Upright and secured,
No dragging
Open valves slowly & check for leaks

24
Q

Workplace labels must include what?

A

Name of material, reference to MSDS, and safety directions.

25
Q

What do supplier labels need to have?

A 
Product name
Supplier name
Hazard symbol
Risk phrases
Precautionary statements
First aid info
Reference to MSDS
26
Q

What are some droplet precautions?

A

Visitors log
Private room if possible, if not, 3ft clearance
Surgical mask when within 3 ft

27
Q

What are some contact precautions?

A

Visitors log
Gloves and gown (worn entering, removed before exiting)
Wash hands after removing gloves
Dedicate set of equipment for patient

28
Q

What are some airborne precautions?

A

Visitors log
Negative pressure room
N95 respirator

29
Q

What does OHSA stand for and what do they do?

A

Ontario Health and Safety Act

Responsible for health and safety in Ontario workplaces

JHSC

Spontaneous inspections performed by ministry of labour

30
Q

What is a flammable liquid?

A

A liquid with a flash point of less that 22 C

31
Q

What is a combustible liquid?

A

Flash point greater than 22 C

32
Q

What is volatile liquid?

A

A liquid that evaporates quickly

33
Q

Should even small amounts of class B be kept under fume hoods?

A

Yes

34
Q

What should HCL never be store with?

A

Nitric acid. Creates chlorine gas.

35
Q

How long are MSDS sheets good for?

A

3 years

36
Q

Name 4 types of disinfectants

A

Alcohol (70%- phlebotomy)
Glutaraldehyde- good for metal
Bleach- most common. Corrosive to metals. Usually 1%.
Phenols- variety available

37
Q

What is decontamination and what are the different types?

A

Removal of microorganisms. For reuse or disposal.

Sterilization- all microorganisms + spores. Autoclave, incineration, chemical disinfectants

Disinfection- microorganisms but not spores. used for phlebotomy autoclave, chemical disinfectants

38
Q

What are a patients rights?

A

Right to refuse treatment

Right to be treated with dignity and respect

Right to confidentiality

Right to know what you’re about to do and why

39
Q

What are some traits that display good ethics as a HCP?

A

Integrity

Honesty

Organization

Professionalism- how well do you know your profession

  • dedication to continued education
  • sharing info with colleagues relevant to improved practice
40
Q

When are signs necessary in the laboratory?

A

Emergency info sign on entry door with emergency phone #

Radioactive and chemical hazard signs on relevant hazards

No smoking, eating drinking, etc

Location of fire blanket, safety shower, extinguisher, etc clearly marked

41
Q

What are some administrative and engineering precautions that can be taken in the lab?

A

Lab should not be overcrowded

Lab should be made of impervious materials

Written decontamination, disinfection, and sterilization protocols should be developed - OHSA requires written protocols to be developed

42
Q

What are the 4 main components of WHMIS?

A

Hazard identification

Labelling

MSDS sheets

Worker training

  • under OHSA. Ministry of labour conducts inspections and enforces.
  • applies to all workplaces with controlled substances
43
Q

What does LSCCLA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

laboratory and Specimen Collection Centre Licensing Act (Ontario)

Issues licenses defining exactly what testing may be done at what site and defines who can order.

  • qualified practitioner in Ontario
  • dentists (limited)
  • midwives (limited)
  • nurse practitioner (limited)
  • health professionals outside of Ontario if lawful.
  • insurance companies

Also defines to who results can be shared

  • directly to person who ordered test unless with written consent
  • ‘report must include -name of lab that received specimen
  • name and address of lab that performed testing
44
Q

What kinds of results must be reported?

A

Communicable finding must be reported to Medical Officer within 24hrs.

In area of testing

In area where specimen was taken

45
Q

What does MOHLTC stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ministry of Health and Long Term Care

Responsible for all health care services in Ontario

Health insurance
Long term care
Assistive devices
Drug benefits
Home care
Community/public health 
Health promotion + disease prevention

Also regulates hospitals, nursing homes, medical laboratories, psychiatric hospitals and emergency health services

46
Q

What does CHA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Canadian health act

Determines criteria & conditions for Medicare at provincial level (must meet min requirements)

47
Q

What does RHPA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Regulated Health Professions Act

Regulates 23 health professions

Protects public from harm
Makes health professionals answerable to the public
Promotion of quality in HCP
Allows patients to choose HCP

48
Q

Who carries out the RHPA?

A

MOHLTC

Regulatory colleges (CMLTO)

health professions appeal and review board

Regulatory advisory council

49
Q

What is the CMLTO?

A

College of medical laboratory technologists of Ontario

Carries out RHPA

Self regulated- 50% elected 50% appointed

Protects publics right to health care that is safe, effective, and ethical

50
Q

Categories of hazards are?

A

Chemical

Biological

Psychological

Ergonomic

Physical

51
Q

What organization is responsible for quality assessment in Ontario?

A

QMPLS Quality Management Program- Lab Services

Z-Technical Skills Integration (5 decks)

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