Chapter 1

Question 1

Characteristics of living things:

Answer 1

1) Cells
2) organized and complex
3) Reproduction
4) Respond to stimulus
5) Require energy
6) Exchange materials with environment
7) Development and growth
8) DNA - genetic material of living things
9) Regulation

Question 2

Biology

Answer 2

Study of life

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

Function

Question 4

Anatomy

Answer 4

Structure

Question 5

Four kinds of tissue:

Answer 5

Epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous

Question 6

Epithelial tissue

Answer 6

Lines things

Question 7

Muscle tissue

Answer 7

Work together to move things

Question 8

Connective tissue

Answer 8

Connect one type of tissue to another

Question 9

Nervous tissue

Answer 9

Electrical signals

Question 10

Coronal

Answer 10

Cut perpendicular with ground from ear to ear

Cut face off

Question 11

Transverse

Answer 11

Cut parallel with ground

Question 12

Midsaggital

Answer 12

Cut perpendicular with ground

Question 13

Superior

Answer 13

(Cranial)

Above

Question 14

Inferior

Answer 14

(Caudal)

Below

Question 15

Ventral

Answer 15

(Anterior)
Front of body
(Stomach side (in front) of four legged animals or Dolphins)

Question 16

Dorsal

Answer 16

(Posterior)
Back of body
(Back side of (behind) four legged animals or Dolphins)

Question 17

Medial

Answer 17

Toward center of body

Midline

Question 18

Lateral

Answer 18

Away from midline

Question 19

Intermediate

Answer 19

Between medial and lateral structures

Question 20

Proximal

Answer 20

Closer to point of attachment of limb or trunk

Question 21

Distal

Answer 21

Farther to point of attachment of limb or trunk

Question 22

Superficial

Answer 22

(External)

Toward surface of body

Question 23

Deep

Answer 23

(Internal)

Away from surface

Question 24

Axial region

Answer 24

Head, neck and trunk

Question 25

Appendicular region

Answer 25

Arms and legs

Question 26

Serous membrane

Answer 26

Allows frictionless movement

Surround the organs in the ventral cavities

Question 26

Dual-layered

Answer 26

Folded in on itself

Parietal and visceral

Question 27

Parietal serous membrane

Answer 27

Fused to cavity wall

Question 28

Visceral serous membrane

Answer 28

Membrane nearest the organs (aka viscera)

Question 29

Thoracic cavity compartments:

Answer 29

Pleural cavities (2)
Mediastinum
Pericardial

Question 30

Homeostasis

Answer 30

1) Body’s ability to maintain relatively stable conditions even though outside environment changes continuously.
2) Dynamic state of equilibrium.
3) Body is in homeostasis when it’s needs are met and it is functioning smoothly.

Question 31

Negative feedback

Answer 31

• common mechanism of regulation
• causes variable to change in opposite direction of initial change
  Ex. Thermostat

Question 32

Positive feedback

Answer 32

• less common mechanism of regulation
• causes variable to be enhanced in direction of initial change
  Ex. Contractions, breastfeeding

Question 33

Gross anatomy

Answer 33

Examining large structures

Question 34

Organ Systems

Answer 34

Groups of organs that function together in a coordinated manner