Chapter 1

Question 0

Information

Answer 0

Data which has been processed to give it a context which gives it a meaning

Question 1

Data

Answer 1

A set of raw facts and figures or records of transactions.

Question 2

Knowledge

Answer 2

Is derived from information by applying rules to it

Question 3

Encoding

Answer 3

Data is encoded to allow more effective processing

Question 4

Data capture

Answer 4

This is the collecting of data and can be done in different ways

Question 5

Direct data capture

Answer 5

Data collection done for a particular reason

Question 6

Indirect data capture

Answer 6

The collection of data as a by-product from data collection for another purpose

Question 7

4 advantages of data encoding

Answer 7

1; less likely to make errors
2; less time is spent on data entry
3; data is consistent
4; less system ram or hard drive memory is used

Question 8

2 disadvantages of encoding data

Answer 8

1; coarsening of data, loss of precision

2; value judgements, subjectivity causing variety in data

Question 9

Example of data information and knowledge and how they’re linked

Answer 9

Data could be a set of numbers 10.5 11.2 13.4…
Information is saying that these are times in a race, so 10.5s 11.2s 13.4s
And knowledge is applying the rule that the lowest time wins the race

Question 10

How can encoding value judgements lead to inaccurate results

Answer 10

Coarsening

Subjective opinions