Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the four D’s for determining normal from abnormal behavior
Deviance
Dysfunction
Distress
Danger
How are clinical decisions made?
Based on intensity, duration, and frequency of behavior relative to the norm
How do you evaluate psychopathology from the developmental perspective?
Biological and genetic
Environmental characteristics (family, peers, school, neighborhood
Understanding the cognitive, social, emotional, physical competencies, limitations and task experience for each stage of development
What was john bowlby’s theory?
Adaptation theory: influenced by darwins theory of evolution and Frieda emphasis on internal working models. Emphasis on early attachment relationships carrying profound influence
Why was attachment theory developed
Attachment theory was developed to explain how children develop and organize scheme of relationships
Disorganized responses were the result to construct a scheme, because attachment in these maltreat infants activated two competing and irreconcilable response systems
What are Cognitive theories main premise with dysfunction
Relationships between thoughts and behaviors and how faulty assumptions can impact social relationships, and well as influence self-attributions in a negative way
Piaget pre-operational stage
Ages 2-7 can be easily misled by dominant visual feature because their inability to decenter two aspects simultaneously
Egocentrism, self-focus
Piaget concrete operation
Is capable of reasoning beyond that of the preschool, however this stage is limited to concrete observations.
What are the 3 parenting styles(in family systems theory) from Baumrind?
Authoritative (high structure, low warmth)
- tend to react with behaviors that are aggressive and uncooperative, tend to be fearful of punishment, and are generally wear on initiative, self-esteem, and peer competence
- optimum conditions for growth, high degrees of self-reliance, self-esteem, and self-controlled behaviors
Permissive households (high on warmth, low on structure) -often fail to develop a sense of responsibility and self-control
Family systems theory
Focus of assessment and intervention on the family system and acknowledges the relationships between the parent, siblings, extended family and so on subsystems.
The environmental influences as predisposing, precipitating, and maintaining(reinforcing) factors regarding the behavior in question
What is Sameroffs transactional model describe within family systems?
It focuses on the interactive forces (inner child to outer world) can shape the course of developmental change
Was the establishment of child psychology as a unique discipline easy?
No it was met with many road blocks
What is Eriksons first stage of psychosocial development?
Trust vs. mistrust
What is the term for the existence of several possible pathways that may produce the same outcome
Equifinality
According to Bronfenbrenner, the ecological systems model, what sphere of influence is most concerned with culture and laws
Macrosystem
