Chapter 1- 3 And 4 Test

Question 1

Explain the meaning of each of the following terms: Language group, band, clan.

Answer 1

These are all groups, language group means a group in which they share the same language. Band is a group of people. A clan is a group of people related by blood.

Question 2

What were the main things about the united members of the language group?

Answer 2

They could speak the same language and were able to communicate with each other.

Question 3

Explain the roles of elders and sacred sites.

Answer 3

The roles of elders are to maintain the rules, they are like the government. The sacred sites are the sites in which the elders are allowed to go.

Question 4

Describe the differences in upbringing of girls and boys.

Answer 4

They would both learn how to gather foods until around the age of 6. Then the boys would go and learn to hunt with the men and the girls would stay and learn how to gather fruits and make clothes.

Question 5

Explain why herding and farming never developed in ancient Australia?

Answer 5

Because the hunter gatherers were nomads that traveled across the land.

Question 6

Explain how food surpluses enabled some people to specialise in other jobs.

Answer 6

They would enable the people to start trading and selling with other people.

Question 7

What is the meaning of the word nomadic.

Answer 7

Moving from place to place rather than living in one settled community.

Question 8

What does colonies mean?

Answer 8

Countries or regions taken over and controlled by another state.

Question 9

What does Catal Huyuk mean.

Answer 9

Probably the worlds first city in modern day turkey.

Question 10

What does hunter-gatherers mean?

Answer 10

People who live by hunting animals and gathering food in the wild.

Question 11

What does Cuneiform mean?

Answer 11

A writing system in which lines were drawn as wedge shaped marks.

Question 12

What does agriculture mean?

Answer 12

Farming and herding animals.

Question 13

What does Fossils mean?

Answer 13

Remains of plants or animals found in rocks.

Question 14

What does Palaeontologist mean?

Answer 14

A scientist who studies fossils.

Question 15

What does Homo-ergaster mean?

Answer 15

The first human-like species to appear in Africa.

Question 16

What does middens mean?

Answer 16

Coastal refuse heaps the contain evidence of the past.

Question 17

What does Fertile Crescent mean?

Answer 17

The Fertile Crescent is the name given to the area now covered by Israel/Palenstine, Lebanon, Jordanm Syria, Southeast Turkey and Iraq which looks like a crescent in which the netufians lived.

Question 18

What does Flint mean?

Answer 18

A hard grey rock used for starting a fire.

Question 19

Summarise what the theory of evolution says about how humans evolved.

Answer 19

All human originated in Africa where they evolved from ape like creatures and then migrated to different continents.

Question 20

How did aboriginal people of Australia first come to be here?

Answer 20

All humans originated from Africa then then migrated to South east Asia then walked all the way to Australia.

Question 21

Why is it difficult to find an exact date for aboriginal rock paintings or other artefacts, such as sacred ceremony sites.

Answer 21

The sites could have been damaged due to weather and also the sites could have been used by other groups.

Question 22

Civilisations like Sumer did not treat all people as equals, explain why.

Answer 22

This is because social classes developed which meant that some people were rulers and some people were slaves and workers, and those two groups did not have the same rights.

Question 23

What was the change we call the ‘Neolithic Revolution’?

Answer 23

It was the end of the hunter gatherer times and was the start of people living in settled communities with agriculture. This then led to people developing systems of government and writing.

Question 24

Why did the Aboriginal Australians not have wars between tribal groups?

Answer 24

The aboriginals were only concerned about their tribal land which connected them to their ancestral stories. They weren’t interested in taking anyone else’s land.

Question 25

What’s a primary source and what’s a secondary source?

Answer 25

A primary source is something created within the time period e.g artifices, documents and paintings. A secondary source is a reconstruction of the past by people living in a later time.