Chapter 1-3 Flashcards
Biotic
Living factors
Abiotic
Non living factors
All forms of life share 7 properties
Order Reproduction Growth and development Acquisition of energy Response to environment Regulation (internal environment) Evolutionary adaptions
Atom
Smallest unit
Molecule
Atoms held together by chemical bonds
Organelle
Performs specific function in a cell
Cell
Fundamental unit of life
Tissue
Group of similar cells that prepare specific function
Organ
Tissues that have specific function
Organism
An individual living thing
Population
All the individuals of a species living in a specific area
Community
Entire array of organisms living in a particular ecosystem
Ecosystem
All of the organisms living in a particular area and the physical components
Biosphere
ALL of the environments on earth that support
Cells can …..
4
- Regulate its internal environment (homeostasis)
- Take in and use energy (ATP)
- Respond to it’s environment
- Give rise to new cells
Mitosis
Body cells
Miosis
Sex cells
Prokaryotic
First to evolve
Simple
Small
No membrane bound organelles
Eukaryotic
Contain membrane bound organelles
Complex
Larger than prokaryotic
4 important elements
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Trace elements
Essential in small amounts
Prevent disease
Ex. Fluoride
Protons
Charge
Found
How to tell
Positive
Nucleus
Look at atomic number
Electrons
Charge
Found
How to tell
Negative
Found on shells
Look at atomic number
Neutrons
Charge
Found
How to tell
No charge Found in nucleus Atomic mass(round) - atomic number
Ionic bonds
Transfer electrons
Charged particles
Cation is positive
Anion is negative
Covalent bonds
Shared electrons
Results in stable elements
Hydrophilic
Water loving
Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Ex: glucose, starch
C H O
1:2:1
Lipid
Fatty acid and glycerol
C H O
small amounts of O
Saturated fat
No double bonds
Saturated w H
Unsaturated fat
Double bonds
Eliminates H
Protein
Amino acid
Hemoglobin insulin
Peptide bonds
CHON (maybe S)
Nucleic acid
Nucleotides
DNA rna
P & N
Dehydration Synthesis
Water is made
Taken out of monomers to make polymers
Hydrolysis
Water is added to break bonds
Breaks polymers into monomers
O atoms have a slightly negative charge and H atoms have a slightly positive charge making water ….
Polar
Cohesion
Molecules of the same kind sticking together
Adhesion
Molecules of 2 kinds to stick together
Surface tension
A measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid
Solvent
Dissolving agent
Solute
Substance that is dissolved
Compound that release H+ to a solution is …
An acid
Compound that releases OH- to a solution is
A base
Acid precipitation
Fossil fuels are burned, CO2 is released into the atmosphere
Ocean acidification
CO2 dissolving in seawater lowers the oceans pH
