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Biology > Cell Organelles And Cell Theory > Flashcards

Cell Organelles And Cell Theory Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell wall

A

Definite shape, structure and transport of substances

PROKARYOTIC
PLANT

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2
Q

Centrioles

A

Divide cell during cell division
Produce and support flagella

ANIMAL

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3
Q

Chloroplast

A

Create energy and convert into sugars

PLANT

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4
Q

Cilia

A

Keep passageway clear, movement, development, transportation

ANIMAL

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5
Q

Flagella

A

Allows cell to move

PROKARYOTIC
ANIMAL

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6
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Movement of nutrients, removes waste, gives shape

PROKARYOTIC
ANIMAL
PLANT

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7
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Holds cells structure, attached to all other organelles

PLANT
ANIMAL

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8
Q

Rough ER

A

Ribosomes given coded DNA to make proteins

PLANT
ANIMAL

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9
Q

Smooth ER

A

Manufactures lipids, phospholipids and steroids,metabolism of carbs and breaks down glycogen

PLANT
ANIMAL

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10
Q

Lysosomes

A

Digest macromolecules, old cell parts and microorganism
Store hydro lyric enzymes

ANIMAL

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11
Q

Mitochondria

A

Cellular respiration
Makes ATP

PLANT
ANIMAL

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12
Q

Nucleolus

A

Brain of nucleus
Rewrite ribosomes RNA & combine protein

PLANT
ANIMAL

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13
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center
Growth
Intermediary metabolism
Cell division

PLANT
ANIMAL

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14
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

Keeps chemical reactions in cytoplasm
Material in and out of nucleus

PLANT
ANIMAL

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15
Q

Cell (plasma) membrane

A

Enters and exits cell
Shape
Semi permeable

PROKARYOTIC
ANIMAL
PLANT

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16
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Animal- break down long fatty acid chains beta oxidation

Plant- fatty acids into sugars, photorespiration

17
Q

Ribosome

A

Make proteins
Free floating used inside
Attached used in and out

PROKARYOTIC
ANIMAL
PLANT

18
Q

Vacuole

A

Support plant
Hold food and water
Holds waste to slowly break down

PLANT
ANIMAL

19
Q

Vesicles

A

Store, transport and digest product and waste
Transport- move molecules to and from different location
Secretory- Store chemicals and other substances that will soon enter the cell

PROKARYOTIC
PLANT
ANIMAL

20
Q

Golgi

A

Modifies, sorts and packages proteins for secretions
Transport lipids
Creation of lysosomes

PLANT
ANIMAL

21
Q

Robert Hooke

A

English scientist looked at cork and identified cells in 1665

22
Q

Robert Brown

A

Scottish botanist discovered nucleus in 1828

23
Q

Matthias Schleiden

A

German botanist discovered that all plants are made of cells in 1828

24
Q

Theodore Schwann

A

German scientist discovered that all animals are made of cells in 1839

25
Q

Rudolph Virchow

A

German scientist said all cells come from other cells in 1858

26
Q

Cell theory components

A
  1. Cells are basic unit of structure and organization in all organisms
  2. All organisms made of one or more cells
  3. All cells come from preexisting cells
27
Q

Resolution

A

Measures clarity of an image

28
Q

Light microscope

A

Most frequently used

29
Q

Electron Microscope

A

Instead of light a beam of electrons are used

30
Q

Scanning electron microscope

A

Detailed architecture of cell surfaces

31
Q

Transmission electron microscope

A

Studies the details of internal cell structure

Biology (8 decks)

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