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Criminal Justice 109 > Chapter 1-3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Conduct of violation of the criminal laws of a state, the fed gov, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legal justification or excuse

A

crime

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2
Q

“mens rea”

A

guilty mind

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3
Q

rights guaranteed to all members of American Society

A

bill of rights

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4
Q

law enacted in response to terrorist attacks 9/11

A

USA patriot act of 2001

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5
Q

individuals who seek to protect personal freedoms within the process of cj

A

individuals rights advocates

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6
Q

under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety

A

public order advocates

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7
Q

principle or fairness, ideal of moral equity

A

justice

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8
Q

civil law, procedure and array of procedures that deal with private rights

A

civil justice

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9
Q

embraces all aspects of civilized life and linked fundamental noticing of fairness and cultural beliefs

A

social justice

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10
Q

aspect of the system working together to achieve justice

A

consensus model

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11
Q

systems subcomponents function primarily to serve own interests

A

conflict model

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12
Q

doc issued by judicial officer permitting a LEO to perform a specific act and afford protection from damages.

A

warrant

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13
Q

$ or property pledged to the court or deposited w the court to release the suspect from custody

A

bail

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14
Q

facts and circumstance that would cause a reasonable person to believe that a crime was committed and a particular person comm the same crime

A

probable cause

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15
Q

3 main pleas

A

guilty, not guilty, no contest

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16
Q

serving 1 sentence after another

A

consecutive sentence

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17
Q

sentence served all at the same time

A

concurrent sentence

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18
Q

go to jail supervised

A

parole

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19
Q

outside world instead of jail

A

probation

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20
Q

criminal law, criminal procedure and that array of procedures and activities having to do w enforcement of law

A

criminal justice

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21
Q

legal proceedings protected by private rights after conviction

A

due process

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22
Q

statistics from law enforcement reports or individual crime records

A

ucr

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23
Q

source of info on criminal victimization data

A

ncvs

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24
Q

unlawful killing of 1 human by another

A

murder

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25
Q

planned or premeditated murder

A

1st degree

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26
Q

intentional and unlawful killing (heat of the moment)

A

2nd degree

27
Q

unintentional murder or accident

A

3rd degree

28
Q

least reported crime

A

rape

29
Q

unlawful taking or attempting of property by force or threat

A

robbery

30
Q

rule of conduct found enacted in the form of a statie which proscribes or mandates forms of behavior

A

law

31
Q

law originating from usage and custom rather than from written statues (type of law)

A

common law

32
Q

law written of codified law; “law on the books” as enacted by a gov body or agency having the power to make laws (type of law)

A

statutory law

33
Q

body of judicial precedent, historically built upon legal reasoning and past interpretations of statutory laws which serves as a guide to decision making in the courts (type of law)

A

case law

34
Q

belief that an orderly society mu be governed by established principles and known codes

A

rule of law

35
Q

law branch of modern law which concerns itself with offenses committed against society and property (type of law)

A

criminal law

36
Q

part of the law that defines crimes and specifies punishments (type of law)

A

substantive law

37
Q

acceptable methods for dealing w violations of substantive laws, withing the context of a judicial setting(type of law)

A

procedural law

38
Q

regulating noncriminal relationships between and among persons, businesses, and agencies of the gov (type of law)

A

civil law

39
Q

wrongful action damage, or injury not involving a breach of contract

A

tort

40
Q

body of regulations which have been created by gov to control the activities of industry, business, and individuals; health codes, building codes, pollution, etc (type of law)

A

administrative law

41
Q

refers to accumulated wisdom of trial and appellate courts in criminal civil and administrative law (type of law)

A

case law

42
Q

principle of recognizing previous decisions as ___________ to guide future deliberations is called stare decisis

A

precedents

43
Q

criminal offense punishable by death or incarceration for atleast a year (rape, murder robbery)

A

felonies

44
Q

offense punishable by incarceration under a year or less

A

misdemeanor

45
Q

minor violation of state or local ordinance usually punishable by fine or limited imprisonment (littering, underage, public drunk)

A

infraction

46
Q

philosophy of law’ science and study of the law

A

jurisprudence

47
Q

1.criminal act
2.culpable mental state
3.conccurence of the two

A

crime elements

48
Q

guilty act

A

actus reus

49
Q

guilty mind

A

mens rea

50
Q

4 types of mens rea

A

intentional, knowing, reckless, negligent

51
Q

behavior in which a person reasonably perceives substantial and unjustified risks of dangerous consequences

A

criminal negligence

52
Q

“body of crime”

A

corpus delecti

53
Q

4 broad categories that a person should not be held liable for a charge

A

alibi, justifications, excuses, procedural defenses

54
Q

statement of contention by an individual charged w a crime that he or she was distant from the crime

A

alibi

55
Q

category of legal defenses in which the defendant admits committing the act in question but claims it was necessary

A

justifications

56
Q

protection of oneself or ones property from unlawful injury or the immediate risk of injury

A

self-defense

57
Q

doctrine that states that your home is your final area of retreat and you can defend it w out having to retreat

A

castle doctrine

58
Q

person tricked into consuming an illegal drug or alc bev that causes them to have an altered mind

A

involuntary intoxicatoin

59
Q

legal defense based upon claims of mental illess or mental capacity

A

insanity

60
Q

rule where defendant didnt know what they were doing was wrong or they had an uncontrollable impulse

A

McNaughten rule

61
Q

improper or illegal inducement to crime by agents of enforcement (undercover leo tricks someone)

A

entrapment

62
Q

____ ______ is when no person may be tried twice for the same offense

A

double jeopardy

63
Q

defense where someone claims wealth buys privilege

A

affluenza defense

64
Q

defense if in an abusive relationship one kills the other in order to save themselves

A

abuse defense

Criminal Justice 109 (6 decks)

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