Chapter 1

Question 1

Adversarial System

Answer 1

Judicial process where evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge/jury

Question 2

Assizes

Answer 2

Travelling courts

Question 3

Case Law

Answer 3

A method of deciding on cases based on previous decisions of similar cases

Question 4

Circuit Judges

Answer 4

Judges of travelling courts/assizes

Question 5

Code of Hammurabi

Answer 5

Earliest known set of written laws based on retribution and restitution

Question 6

Code of Li k’vei

Answer 6

A set of Chinese laws written around 350 BCE

Question 7

Codified

Answer 7

To be arranged and recorded systematically

Question 8

Divine right

Answer 8

Concept where monarchs felt that their power to rule was from God and that they were accountable to only God

Question 9

Great laws of Manu

Answer 9

Indian laws compiled between 1280 and 880 BCE, previously transferred through oral tradition

Question 10

Habeas Corpus

Answer 10

A part of the Magna Carta to determine legitimacy of people arrested and that anyone detained is charged before a court within a reasonable amount of time

Question 11

Justinian’s Code

Answer 11

Formed the basis of civil law. It was the clarification and organization of Roman Law commissioned by Justinian I

Question 12

Magna Carta

Answer 12

Established the rule of law and was the first step towards human rights. Charter of political and civil rights signed in 1215 in England

Question 13

Mosaic Law

Answer 13

Biblical or Hebrew law found in the book of exodus. Also known as the ten commandments. More concern over punishment of deliberate actions

Question 14

Napoleonic Code

Answer 14

Civil law of France completed in 1804 (also called the French Civil Code). People known knew their rights. Formed the basis of the Quebec Civil Code

Question 15

Quebec Civil Code

Answer 15

The system of law used in Quebec for resolving private matters. Formed as a result of the Napoleonic Code

Question 16

Restitution

Answer 16

Payment made by the offender to the victim of a crime

Question 17

Retribution

Answer 17

Justice based on vengeance and punishment

Question 18

Rule of Law

Answer 18

Principle of Justice. 1. Law is necessary to regulate society 2. Law applies equally to everyone 3. No arbitrary power

Question 19

Rule of Precedent

Answer 19

To apply a previous decision to a case that is similar

Question 20

Stare decisis

Answer 20

A latin phrase meaning “to stand by the decision”

Question 21

The Great Binding Law (Gaynashagowa)

Answer 21

The Constitution of the Iroquois Confederacy

Question 22

Trial by combat

Answer 22

Determining guilt or innocence by having both parties fight a duel

Question 23

Trail by oath helping

Answer 23

To have friends of the accused swear on the Bible that he or she was innocent

Question 24

Trail by ordeal

Answer 24

To have a person undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence