Chapter 1 Flashcards
I/O psychology
An area of scientific study and professional practice that addresses psychological concepts and principles in the work world.
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)
The professional organization that represents I/O psychologists in the U.S.
Scientific-practitioner model
A model or framework for education based on understanding the scientific principles and findings and how they provide the basis for the professional practice.
Fields of I/O psychology
1) Selection & placement: concerned with developing assessment methods for the selection, placement, & promotion of employees.
2) Training & development: concerned with identifying employee skills that need to be enhanced to improve job performance.
3) Performance management: the process of enhancing the contributions of the workforce to facilitate attaining the overall goals of the organization.
4) Organizational effectiveness: concerned with maintaining or improving the quality of the workforce & the quality of the relationships with customers and suppliers the organization needs for its continued success.
5) Quality of Work life: concerned with factors that contribute to a healthy and productive workforce.
Licensure
The process by which a professional practice is regulated by law to ensure quality standards are met to protect the public.
Army Alpha Test
An intelligence test developed during World War I by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel.
Army Beta Test
A nonverbal intelligence test developed during World War I by I/O psychologists to assess illiterate recruits.
Hawthorne studies
A series of research studies that began in the late 1920s at the Western Electric Company and ultimately refocused the interests of I/O psychologists on how work behavior manifests itself in an organizational context.
Hawthorne effect
A positive change in behavior that occurs at the onset of an intervention followed by a gradual decline, often to the original level of behavior prior to the intervention. First identified in the Hawthorne studies, which is why it is so named.
Army General Classification (AGCT)
A test developed during World War II by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel.
Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB)
A test developed in the 1980s by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel.
Economic recession
A sustained period (usually several consecutive months) of lowered productivity, increased unemployment, and reduced spending.
Cross-cultural psychology
An area of research that examines the degree to which psychological concepts and findings generalize to people in other cultures and societies.
