Chapter 1

Question 1

Specific gravity

Answer 1

The density of a material relative to the density of water

Question 2

Mass % of solute

Answer 2

mass solute (g)/ mass solvent (g) * 100

Question 3

Molality

Answer 3

moles solute/kg solvent

does not change with temperature

Question 4

STP

Answer 4

22.4L
0°C or 273K
1 atm

Question 5

Mass % of compound

Answer 5

mass atoms/mass compound * 100

Question 6

Hydroscopic salt

Answer 6

Inert with CO2

Question 7

Beers Law

Answer 7

Absorbance=εCl
ε=constant for a solute @ λmax)
l=width of curve

Question 8

Precipitation reaction

Answer 8

Two (aq) salts = spectator ions and a solid precipitate

Question 9

Double displacement reaction

Answer 9

Precipitation reaction

Question 10

Strong acids

Answer 10

HCl
HBr
HI
HNO3
N2SO4
NH4+

Question 11

Strong bases

Answer 11

NaOH
KOH
LiOH
CaCO3

Question 12

Acid-base reaction

Answer 12

Form a neutral salt (aq) and water (l)

Question 13

Composition reaction

Answer 13

Combining reactants to form a product and the number of reactants exceeds the number of products

Question 14

Decomposition reaction

Answer 14

More bonds are broken than formed; the number of products exceeds the number of reactants

Question 15

Redox reactions

Answer 15

The transfer of electrons from one atom to another; oxidation states change

Question 16

Oxygen oxidation state

Answer 16

-2 unless molecular or a peroxide

Question 17

Hydrogen oxidation state

Answer 17

+1 unless molecular or a hydride

Question 18

Halide oxidation states

Answer 18

-1 unless a central atom in an oxyacid

Question 19

Combustion reactions

Answer 19

Redox reaction where oxygen gas is the oxidizing agent and the products are oxides