Chapter 1 & 2: Flashcards
What are the 4 subfields of Anthropology?
Linguistics, Cultural anthropology, Physical/Biological anthropology , and Archeaology {PALC]
What is a archeological site?
a place where human activity occurred, items that were left behind can be recovered in this place
Anthropology strives to be ___ and ___ in its approach.
Holistic and integrative
- studying human behavior and biology as a whole to understand humans
what are ethnographers?
they study humans by residing in a particular society and observing human behavior
What is ethnography?
go beyond studying a group, they compare it to other cultures, this is a form cultural anthropology
Cultural Anthropology:
Ethnography, ethnology
Biological Anthropology:
primatology, human variation (forensic) , and paleoanthropology (evolution)
What are “material remains”?
anything made or use by humans
Who is John Frere?
he brought upon the concept of stratigraphy. He noticed that items were found in layers, just like the bones were found above the tools.
what is the three-stage system?
culture changes through time, such in the tools: stone, bronze, iron stage
Who was Charles Darwin?
focused on evolution: implies systematic change over time
Did Darwin say “survival of the fittest”?
No, it was Herbert Spencer, a UK politician
what are three types of evidence?
human remains, artifacts, and ecofacts.
What are ecofacts?
environmental elements that show use or activity, such as bones used for foods, plant remains, seeds, etc. IT WAS NOT MADE BY PEOPLE.
What is taphonomy?
the study of how paleontological remains ended up in a particular place
