Chapter 1,2,3 Section 1

Question 1

Characteristics of organisms

Answer 1

Growth, Movement, Nutrition, Excretion, Reproduction, Sensitivity and Respiration.

Question 2

Growth

Answer 2

A permanent increase in size and dry mass by an increase in cell number or cell size or both.

Question 3

Movement

Answer 3

An action by an organism or part of an organism causing a change of position or place.

Question 4

Nutrition

Answer 4

The taking of nutrients which are organic substances and mineral irons, containing raw materials or energy for growth and tissue repair, absorbing and assimilating them.

Question 5

Excretion

Answer 5

Removal from organisms of toxic materials, the waste products of metabolism and substances in excess requirements.

Question 6

Reproduction

Answer 6

The process that make more of the same kind of organism.

Question 7

Sensitivity

Answer 7

The ability to detect or sense changes in the environment (stimuli) and to make responses.

Question 8

Respiration

Answer 8

The chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy.

Question 9

Binomial

Answer 9

Every living organism has a two-word name, written in Latin. The first name is the name of the genus it belongs to. The second is the name of its species.

Question 10

The Five Kingdoms

Answer 10

Prokaryotes, Protoctists, Fungi, Plants and Animals.

Question 11

Phylum Vertebrates

Answer 11

Animals with a supporting rod running along the length of the body. Classified into five classes: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

Question 12

Phylum Arthropods

Answer 12

Animals with jointed legs, but no backbone and a waterproof exoskeleton. Further classified into arachnids, myriapods, insects and crustaceans.

Question 13

Phylum Annelids

Answer 13

Worms, with bodies made up of ring-like segments. Most live in water, though some, like the earthworm, live in moist soil.

Question 14

Phylum Molluscs

Answer 14

Soft-bodied animals, often with a shell - for example, snails; or without - for example, slugs.

Question 15

Phylum Nematodes

Answer 15

Worms, but unlike annelids their bodies are not divided into segments. They are usually white, long and thin.

Question 16

Phylum Plants

Answer 16

Have roots, stems, leaves, xylem and phloem. Reproduce by producing seeds and their seeds are produced inside ovary, inside flower.

Question 17

Dicotyledonous Plants

Answer 17

Have leaves which can be broad, and which have a network of branching veins. Have two cotyledons inside each seed.

Question 18

Monocotyledonous Plants

Answer 18

Have strap-shaped leaves with parallel veins and have only one cotyledon inside each seed.

Question 19

Kingdom Bacteria

Answer 19

Often unicellular (single-celled), have no nucleus and have cell walls.

Question 20

Kingdom Fungi

Answer 20

Multicellular (many-celled), have nuclei and cell walls. They do not have chlorophyll and they feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition.

Question 21

Dichotomous

Answer 21

Set of paired contrasting descriptions which lead you through to the identification of an unknown organism.