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A&P 201 > Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4 Flashcards

1
Q

10 Characteristic of All Living Beings

A 
Movement
Respiration
Digestion
Reproduction
Excretion
Growth
Assimilation
Absorption
Responsiveness
Circulation
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2
Q

Where does most absorption take place in your body?

A

Small Intestine

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3
Q

What part of your body deals with Assimilation?

A

Liver

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4
Q

Total of all chemical reactions to maintain the 10 characteristics is ___?

A

Metabolism

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5
Q

Maintenance of a stable environment is ___?

A

Homeostasis

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6
Q

5 Requirements of Organisms

A

Water
Food
Heat
Pressure

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7
Q

Smallest to largest level of human body

A 
Atom
Molecule
Macromolecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
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8
Q

What does the skeletal system do? Main organs?

A

Provides shape and structure, Spinal cord

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9
Q

What does the Integumentary system do? Main organs?

A

Preform function in body such as temperature regulation, Hair Skin Nails

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10
Q

What does the Muscular system do? Main organs?

A

Provide movement, Smooth muscles

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11
Q

What does the Lymphatic system do? Main organs?

A

Provide protection from bacteria, Spleen

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12
Q

What does the Urinary system do? Main organs?

A

Remove waste products, Kidney

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13
Q

What does the Digestive system do? Main organs?

A

Remove solid waste products, Small/Large intestine

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14
Q

What does the Endocrine system do? Main organs?

A

Deals with the hormones in the body, Thyroid

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15
Q

What does the Nervous system do? Main organs?

A

Helps with thinking processes, memory, Brain

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16
Q

What does the Reproductive system do? Main organs?

A

Produce egg and sperm cells, Vagina/Penis

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17
Q

What does the Circulatory system do? Main organs?

A

Transport blood to the body, Veins/Heart

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18
Q

What does the Respiratory system do? Main organs?

A

Provide the ability to breathe, Lungs

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19
Q

What body parts are in the Axial cavity?

A

Torso, Head, Neck

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20
Q

What body parts are in the Appendicular cavity?

A

Upper and lower appendages

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21
Q

How many bones are in the body?

A

206

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22
Q

How many muscles are in the body?

A

640

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23
Q

The nervous and endocrine system regulates what?

A

Every other system in the body

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24
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything with mass and takes up space

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25
Q

How many elements occur naturally?

A

92

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26
Q

The most abundant elements are?

A

Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Calcium, Phosphorus

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27
Q

The enter of an atom is?

A

Nucleus

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28
Q

The Nucleus has what outside of it?

A

Electrons

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29
Q

The Nucleus has what inside of it?

A

Neutrons and Protons

30
Q

Neutrons are equal in size to?

A

Protons

31
Q

Electrons are bigger or smaller than Protons and Neutrons?

A

Much smaller

32
Q

What is the Atomic Number?

A

The number of Protons

33
Q

What is the Mass Number?

A

The number of Protons and Neutrons

34
Q

Electrolytes that release hydroxide are?

A

Basic

35
Q

Electrolytes that release hydrogen are?

A

Acids

36
Q

Compounds with carbon are?

A

Organic

37
Q

Inorganic salts are?

A

Electrolytes

38
Q

4 Major families of Organic substances?

A

Carbs, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic Acids

39
Q

ATP stands for? Spell it

A

Adenosine Triphosphate

40
Q

Carbohydrates are made up of? Also called?

A

Monosaccharides/Simple Sugars

41
Q

Example of Monosaccharides?

A

Glucose, Fructose

42
Q

Disaccharides are made of?

A

Two monosaccharides

43
Q

Example of Disaccharides?

A

Lactose

44
Q

What are Complex Carbs?

A

Polysaccharides such as starches

45
Q

Lipids include what?

A

Fats, phospholipids, steroids

46
Q

Fatty acids with hydrogen at every position are?

A

Saturated

47
Q

Fatty acids with double bonds are?

A

Unsaturated

48
Q

Phospholipids are made of?

A

Glycerol, fatty acid, phosphate group

49
Q

Proteins building blocks are?

A

Amino Acids

50
Q

Changing the shape of a Protein is?

A

Denatured

51
Q

What can change protein shape?

A

Temperature, PH, Chemical, Radiation

52
Q

What are the building blocks of Nucleic Acids?

A

Nucleotides

53
Q

What does DNA stand for? Spell it

A

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

54
Q

What does RNA stand for? Spell it

A

Ribonucleic Acid

55
Q

What does RNA do?

A

Convert information in DNA into proteins

56
Q

What does DNA do?

A

Provide genes to create human life

57
Q

Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion are Active or Passive transport?

A

Passive

58
Q

Endocytosis and Exocytosis are both Active or Passive transport?

A

Active

59
Q

Diffusion goes from high concentration to?

A

Low

60
Q

Facilitated Diffusion is what?

A

Use channels to help move molecules across the membrane

61
Q

Osmotic Pressure goes from what concentration to what?

A

Low to High

62
Q

Osmosis goes from what concentration to what?

A

High to Low

63
Q

What is Endocytosis?

A

Molecule too large to be transported are engulf by an area of cell membrane and carried into the cell by a vesicle

64
Q

Three types of Enocytosis?

A

Pinocytosis, Phagocytosis, Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

65
Q

What is of Exocytosis?

A

Reverse of Endocytosis

66
Q

What is Pinocytosis?

A

Engulf of liquids

67
Q

What is Phagocytosis?

A

Engulf of large molecules

68
Q

What is Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis?

A

Cell take in specific molecules and pair with specific receptors

69
Q

Meiosis steps?

A 
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2
Telophase 2
70
Q

Mitosis steps?

A 
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

A&P 201 (9 decks)

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