chapter 1, 2, 3 Flashcards

1
Q

socializing

A

learning process that teaches values, norms and how things work in society

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2
Q

socialization

A

the process whereby we learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of our culture and, in so doing, develop a sense of self

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3
Q

social construction of reality

A

the process of shaping reality through social interaction.

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4
Q

agency

A

any recurring pattern of social behaviour; a term that describes independent actions, autonomous decisions and creativity

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5
Q

structure

A

intentional and undetermined human action

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6
Q

digitisation

A

transformation of an analog signal to a digital signal, so it can be read by a computer

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7
Q

technological determinism

A

technology itself causes social change in ways that are unintentional or unnoticed

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8
Q

materiality

A

argue that the physical aspects of media technology matter but not in a simplistic way

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9
Q

autonomous technology

A

general label for all conceptions and observations to the effect that technology is somehow out of control by human agency (Winner)

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10
Q

technological momentum

A

a technology’s influence changes over time. new technology is controlled by human agency, but established technology is hard to change (Hughes)

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11
Q

medium theory

A

focus on technological aspects of media, beyond content

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12
Q

Toronto School

A

the way media itself extends our senses and alter our social world; it is not the content, but the experience of the medium itself (Innis, McLuhan)

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13
Q

Postman

A

rise of television is the central cause of decline in seriousness of public life

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14
Q

Postman’s critics on tv

A

irrelevance (far), powerlessness (no relation to action), sacrificing historical context (no connection between stories)

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15
Q

Pseudo-events

A

events planned for the express purpose of producing images that can be reported

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16
Q

hyperreality

A

blurring boundaries between the image and reality

17
Q

social constructionism

A

emphasizes the social construction of technology, focusing on the role of human agents determining the role of technology

18
Q

domestication theory

A

ordinary users bring society into their lives and use it in their own way, giving social meaning to it over time

19
Q

internet

A

vast network of interconnected computer networks whose underlying technology was developed over a half century

20
Q

convergence

A

the blurring of boundaries among types of media

21
Q

production perspective

A

emphasizes the media production process rather than specific media products

22
Q

modern media companies provide:

A
  1. products, 2. platforms, 3. pipes
23
Q

Organic activity

A

content generated by the viewing audience

24
Q

media consolidation

A

concentration of media in fewer hands

25
conglomerate
large companies made up of a number of different companies, all owned by the same corporate parent
26
vertical integration
one owner acquires all the aspects of production and distribution of a single type of media product
27
horizontal integration
one company buys different kinds of media, concentrating ownership across differing media types
28
synergy
result of horizontal integration, creating a combined effect
29
cross-media promotion
powerful strategy compared to repetitive singe-source promotion
30
corporate view
interests of the corporate entities that own mass media
31
media pluralism
the degree to which there is diversity in media content readily available to users
32
homogenization hypothesis
media owned by a few leed to products that lack diversity
33
oligopoly
control by a small number of firms
34
closed system
major companies used a limited number of familiar channels to produce and distribute music that dominated charts
35
open system
major record companies control large-scale manufacturing, distribution and publicity, but draw on independent producers to maintain the vitality of the pop music market
36
profit-driven logic of safety
network programmers follow a logic of safety that revolves around minimizing the risk of losing money on programs; rely on certainty
37
self-censorship
how reporters censor themselves to avoid critical content that will lose advertisors