chapter 1 Flashcards
behaviourism
An approach to psychology that focuses on objectively observable and measurable actions and events
behaviour
Anything a person or animal does that can be observed by others
biological approach
An approach to psychology that focuses on the physical body including the nervous system, the endocrine system, and genes
clinical psychology
A professional approach to psychology that involves helping people to improve their lives and that may involve assessment, testing,
diagnosis, and/or treatment of psychological disorders
cognitive psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on thinking and mental processes, such as learning, memory, reasoning, and decision
making
critical thinking
A process of carefully evaluating information that supports an idea or claim
cross cultural psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on how culture influences thoughts, feelings, and behaviour that involves investigating
similarities and differences between two or more cultures and psychological processes among people who live in different cultures
developmental psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on changes that occur in the way that people think, feel, and behave as they get older
environmental psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on how people think, feel, and behave in relation to the physical spaces they occupy,
including natural outdoor spaces and indoor spaces such as homes, places of work, and public buildings
evolutionary psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on Darwin’s theory of natural selection and processes related to reproduction and
adaptation to the environment
forensic psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on how psychological concepts can be applied to the criminal justice system
functionalism
An early approach to psychology that focused on identifying the purpose of mental processes and behaviour that allow humans to
adapt to their environments
humanism
An approach to psychology that focuses on human individuality, potential, growth, and freedom
nature nurture
The two words used to describe the effects of both genetic and environmental influences on human thoughts, feelings, and
behaviour, once considered to be a “debate” among two opposing forces but now acknowledged to be an interaction
organizational psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on human thoughts, feelings, and behaviour in relation to places of work
positive psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on strengths and well-being
psychodynamic approach
An approach to psychology that focuses on childhood experiences and unconscious processes
psychology
The study of human thoughts, feelings, and behaviour
psychopathology
The experience or study of psychological problems or disorders
school psychology
An approach to psychology that focuses on issues related to education among children and adolescents
science
A process of understanding the natural world using well-defined, systematic methods
scientific literacy
The ability to understand, evaluate, and use information gathered through use of the scientific method
social psychology
An approach to psychology that is concerned with how people think, feel, and behave due to the presence or influence of other
people
sociocultural approach
An approach to psychology that focuses on culture and the influence of other people on behaviour
