CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
The country’s total land area is
115,124 square miles
The Philippine archipelago’s location at the far
southeastern edge of Asia
The current population of the Philippines is___________ at mid year or 2023, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data.
117,337,368
The archipelago is made up of over_______islands of which only 460 are more than one square mile (2km square) in area.
The rest of the islands are inhabitable, and some disappear at high tide.
7,100
is ethnically and geographically divided into a number of subregions and is the home to three of the country’s six major language dialects
Luzon
The islands at the center of the country are known as ______ and include the long thin island of Cebu which was the 1521 landing spot for Ferdinand Magellan during his exploratory voyage around the world and where he lost his life in a battle with a local chieftain.
Visayas
To the far South is the large island of _______that extends from a southwesterly arm known as______ up to the main portion of the massive island that is a home to uneasily mixed population of non-Christian tribal groups, indigenous Muslims and recent Filipino Christian migrants.
Mindanao , Sulu archipelago
is very diverse geographically with a number of major river basins, gulfs, and bays, and it is known to a number of ethno-linguistic groups.
Mindanao
Majority of the population is the Christianized ______ Filipinos.
“lowland”
Filipinos are usually differentiated or distinguished according to which ______ they speak.
dialect
The distinction being that the dialects are variations of a single linguistic root, since they all belong to the _______language Family.
Malayo-Polynesian
people today prefer to call the Malayo-Polynesian family the “Austronesian” family.
Malayo-Polynesian Language -
The language is geographically concentrated in the South Pacific islands and parts of southern Asia including the Philippines, Madagascar, much of Malaysia, and the Central and South Pacific island groups (excluding Australia)
Malayo-Polynesian Language -
_______on Mindanao identify themselves by geographic residences; the Muslim people base their identity on religion, and the nation’ s indigenous peoples, whose pre-Christian and pre-Islamic religious beliefs and cultures give them distinct identities.
Filipino Christian
live in the metropolitan Manila area and adjacent regions of Central Luzon to the north and southern Tagalog provinces to the south.
Tagalog speakers
the basis of Pilipino/Filipino, which over the last few decades has made real progress in becoming a true national language, despite the resistance of other dialects whose speakers resent the Manila/Tagalog dominance of the nations political, economic and cultural life.
Tagalog forms
which covered the provinces ofBataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac and Zambalesand two highly urbanized cities (Angeles City and Olongapo City)
Central Luzon,
which covered the provinces of Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Marinduque, Occidental Mindoro, Oriental Mindoro, Palawan, Quezon, Rizal, Romblon and Aurora and the highly urbanized City of Lucena
Southern Tagalog
is the native dialect of the Filipinos living along the coastal plains and agricultural valleys of northern Luzon.
Ilocano
have a reputation for being very hard working and extremely frugal.
Ilocanos
_______ are known for their spicy foods that make abundant use of chili peppers and their consumption of the coconut vodka ______
Bicolanos, lambanog.
Linguistically, the ________ are divided into a number of dialects: Ilongo of Panay Island, Cebuano from Cebu, and Waray-Waray spoken on the islands of Leyte and Samar.
Visayan Islands
Most ______ population is comprised of relatively recent migrants, who came from all over the Philippines to settle in this second largest island in the country.
Mindanao’s Christian
The nation’s Muslim population is divided into five ethnic subgroups, including t
he boat-dwelling Badjaos; the Tausugs of the Sulu Archipelago; Samals of the Zamboanga peninsula of Mindanao; the Maranaos, who reside in the vicinity of Lake Lanao; and the Maguindanaoans.
have much more in common with the neighboring Malaysians and Indonesians than they do with their fellow Filipinos against whom they have waged independence struggle for a number of years.
Muslims
Philippines is an overwhelmingly ______ country.
Christian
Unique among its other neighbors in Southeast Asia being the country that is _______
highly Christianized.
The denomination of Christianity that became most embedded in Filipino culture is _________ which was introduced in the Philippines during the earlycolonialperiod by the Spanish
Catholicism,
_____was introduced to the southern Philippines from neighbouring countries in Southeast Asia, such as _______
Islam, Malaysia and Indonesia.
Contemporary Muslim Filipino communities are often collectively known as _____
Moros.
Most Moros practice ______, while a small minority practice _____ and ______.
Sunni Islam, Shi’a and Ahmadiyya
The most dominant religious characteristics of archipelago’s scattered communities was
animism
is the worship of spirits in nature and Deism a vague belief of numerous gods and
Animism
The most common lesser deities were the
Anitos/Diwatas
The Filipino concept of natural and supernatural worlds and one’s relationship to them is immediate since one’s own ancestor may be an ______
anito.
is a combination of indigenous traditions, adopted Western forms, and a vibrant contemporary folk art.
The Philippine art
Western influenced art can be found at 2 cultural levels.
high end of culture
the mass or folk level
artists produce sophisticated works comparable with any others in the international modern art scene.
At the high end of culture
Art level at the _______of Philippine culture is seen in resplendent decorations for religious occasions and festivals; in urban popular art, and on highly decorated jeepneys
mass or folk level
used art to represent religious notions of the hereafter and their relationship with their physical environment.
Pre-colonial Filipinos
20th Century Artistic Developments
Art in the early American period was dominated by
Fernando Amorsolo and Sculptor Guillermo Tolentino
_______ rustic landscapes of bountiful harvests, contented farmers, and smiling young women framed in warm tropical sunlight.
Amorsolo’s
based his style on classical forms.
Guillermo Tolentino
believes that the subject should include the ugliness of life.
Victorio Edades
He and his fellow modern artists introduced a full range of feelings and passion to the canvas as well as modern styles of art such as cubism, abstraction, and figurative expressionism.
Victorio Edades
captured the mood and social concerns of the times with his cubism and neo-realist works of urban life.
Vicente Manansala
features the actual residents of their town brings national and international praise.
Carlos “Botong” Francisco
represented the new style of artist using a number if mediums, such as painting, printmaking, and etching as well as the mixed media of photography and painting to present his social statements most effectively.
Ben Cabrera
