Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anaphy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body.

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The term means to dissect, or cut apart, and seperate. In addition it examines the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function.

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 types of anatomy?

A
  • Systemic anatomy
  • Regional anatomy
  • Surface anatomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is the study of the body by systems such as the cardiovascular, nervous, skeletal, and muscular systems.

A

Systemic anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is the study of the organization of the body by areas. This is the approach taken in many medical and dental schools.

A

Regional anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anatomists have 2 general ways to examine the internal structures of a living person which are:

A
  • Surface anatomy
  • Anatomical imaging
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is the study of external features such as bony projections, which serve as landmarks for locating deeper structures.

A

Surface anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures, such as when determining if a bone is broken or a ligament is torn.

A

Anatomical imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things. It is important in here to recognize structures as dynamic.

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The study of human. It studies the human organism in form and function.

A

Human physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Focuses on processes inside cells such as the manufacturing of substances, including proteins.

A

Cellular Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Focuses on the functions of organ systems.

A

Systemic Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atoms combine to form molecules.

A

Chemical level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Are the basic structural and functional units of organisms, such as plants and animals.

A

Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Smaller structures contained inside most cells. They carry out particular functions, such as digestion and movement, for the cell.

A

Organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is a group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them.

A

Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is composed of two or more tissue types that together perform one or more common functions.

A

Organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T OR F:
The characteristics of the cells and surrounding materials determine the functions of the tissue.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Is a group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions.

A

Organ system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the organ systems in the body?

A

RUN MRS LIDEC
- Reproductive
- Urinary
- Nervous
- Muscular
- Respiratory
- Skeletal
- Lymphatic
- Integumentary
- Digestive
- Endocrine
- Cardiovascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Provides protection, regulates temperature, prevents water loss, and helps produce vitamin D.

A

Integumentary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the integumentary consists of:

A
  • Skin
  • Hair
  • Nails
  • Sebaceous glands
  • Sweat glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produce blood cells, and stores minerals and adipose tissue.

A

Skeletal System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the skeletal system consist of?

A
  • Bones
  • Joints
  • Ligaments
  • Associated Cartilages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Produces body movements, maintains posture, and produces body heat.

A

Muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does the muscular system consist of?

A

Consists of muscles attached to connective tissue sheets or the skeleton by tendons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

A major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions.

A

Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What does the nervous system contain?

A
  • Brain
  • Spinal cord
  • Nerves
  • Sensory Receptors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction, and many other functions.

A

Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Endocrine system consists of?

A
  • Endocrine glands
    ! Hypothalamus
    ! Pituitary
    ! Thyroid gland
    ! Adrenal gland
    ! Gonads
    ! Other tissues that secrete hormones
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Transport nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body and plays a role in the immune response and the regulation of body temperature.

A

Cardiovascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The cardiovascular system consists of?

A
  • Heart
  • Blood
  • Blood vessels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs dietary fats from the digestive tract.

A

Lymphatic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Lymphatic system consists of:

A
  • Lymphatic vessels
  • Lymph nodes
  • Thymus
  • Spleen
  • Other lymphatic tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air, and regulates blood pH

A

Respiratory System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Respiratory system consists of?

A
  • Lungs
  • Diaphragm
  • Respiratory Passages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Performs the mechanical and chemical process of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes.

A

Digestive System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Digestive system consists of?

A
  • Mouth
  • Esophagus
  • Stomach
  • Intestines
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Other accessory organs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance.

A

Urinary system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The urinary system consists of?

A
  • Kidneys
  • Urethra
  • Ureters
  • Urinary bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development

A

Female reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Produces milk for the newborn

A

Female reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Produces and transfers sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual functions and behaviors

A

Male reproductive system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What does the female reproductive organ consist of?

A
  • Ovaries
  • Uterine tubes
  • Uterus
  • Vagina
  • Mammary Glands and associated structures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What does the male reproductive system consist of?

A
  • Testes
  • Accessory structures
  • Ducts
  • Penis
46
Q

Any living thing considered as a whole, whether composed of one cell, such as bacterium, or of trillions of cells, such as a human.

A

Organism

47
Q

The specific interrelationships among the individual parts of an organism, and how those parts interact to perform specific functions

A

Organization

48
Q

Is the ability to use energy to perform other vital functions, such as growth, movement, and reproduction.

A

Metabolism

49
Q

Is an organism’s ability to sense changes in the environment and adjust/respond to those changes.

A

Responsiveness

50
Q

Refers to an increase in the size or number of cells, which produces an overall enlargement in all or part of an organism, cell size, or the amount of substance surrounding cells. (Increase in size)

A

Growth

51
Q

Includes the changes an organism undergoes through time, beginning with fertilization and ending at death. (Changes in form and size)

A

Development

52
Q

Involves changes in a cell’s structure and function from an immature generalized state to a mature specialized state.

A

Differentiation

53
Q

The formation of new cells or new organisms.

A

Reproduction

53
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A
  • Organization
  • Metabolism
  • Responsiveness
  • Growth
  • Development (inc. differentiation)
  • Reproduction
54
Q

The maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body.

A

Homeostasis

55
Q

T OR F:
Body temperature is one of our body’s variables.

A

True

56
Q

Mechanisms that maintain normal body temperature include sweating or shivering to maintain body temperature near an ideal normal value or set point.

A

Homeostatic mechanisms

57
Q

Normal extent of increase or decrease around a set point

A

Normal Range

58
Q

Normal or average value of a variable

A

Set point

59
Q

Most systems of the body are regulated by this, which maintain homeostasis.

A

Negative feedback mechanism

60
Q

When any deviation from the set point is made smaller or is resisted.

A

Negative feedback

61
Q

Which monitors the value of a variable, such as body temperature, by detecting stimuli. Detect stimulus/stimuli or changes in variable.

A

Receptor

62
Q

Which establish/determines the set point for the variable. Receives input from the receptor about the variable and send signal to effector.

A

Control center

63
Q

Directly causes change in variable. Can adjust the value of the variable when directed by the control center, usually back toward the set point.

A

Effector

64
Q

It initiates a homeostatic mechanism.

A

Stimuli

65
Q

Occurs when a response to the original stimulus results in the deviation from the set point becoming even greater. Occurs when the initial stimulus further stimulates or amplifies the response.

A

Positive-feedback mechanisms

66
Q

Refers to a person standing upright with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward.

A

Anatomical Position

67
Q

Lying face upward

A

Supine

68
Q

Lying face downward

A

Prone

69
Q

Above

A

Superior

70
Q

Below

A

Inferior

71
Q

In front of

A

Anterior (ventral)

72
Q

Behind

A

Posterior (dorsal)

73
Q

Close to

A

Proximal

74
Q

Far from

A

Distal

75
Q

Towards the midline

A

Median

76
Q

Away from midline

A

Lateral

77
Q

structure close to the surface of the body

A

Superficial

78
Q

Toward the interior of the body

A

Deep

79
Q

Central region of the body consists of what? (3)

A
  • Head
  • Neck
  • Trunk
80
Q

The trunk can be divided into 3 regions which are:

A
  • Thorax
  • Abdomen
  • Pelvis
81
Q

The abdomen is divided into how many quadrants?

A

4

82
Q

Separates the body or a structure into right and left halves.

A

Sagittal plane

83
Q

Means “the flight of an arrow”

A

Sagittal

84
Q

A sagittal plane that passes through the midline of the body, dividing it into equal right and left halves.

A

Median plane

85
Q

Runs parallel to the ground, dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.

A

Transverse plane

86
Q

Divides the body into front and back halves.

A

Frontal plane

87
Q

A cut along the length of an organ, similar to the cut along a hot dog bun

A

Longitudinal section

88
Q

The body contains 2 types of internal cavities which are :

A
  • Dorsal body cavity
  • Ventral body cavity
89
Q

Encloses the organs of the nervous system, the brain and the spinal cord.

A

Dorsal body cavity

90
Q

Vast majority of our internal organs

A

Viscera

91
Q

Space within chest wall and diaphragm

A

Thoracic Cavity

92
Q

The ventral body cavity is divided into:

A
  • Thoracic cavity
  • Abdominopelvic cavity
93
Q

Space between lungs

A

Mediastinum

94
Q

Space between diaphragm and pelvis

A

Abdominal Cavity

95
Q

Investigates processes and function of living things.

A

Physiology

96
Q

Investigates processes and function of living things.

A

Physiology

97
Q

What are the 4 broad types of tissues?

A
  • Epithelial
  • Connective
  • Muscular
  • Nervous
98
Q

2 Examples of organelles:

A
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
99
Q

Basic units of life

A

Cells

100
Q

Building of complex molecules, consumes energy

A

Anabolism

101
Q

Breaking down of complex molecules, release energy

A

Catabolism

102
Q

Main mechanism used in homeostatic regulation

A

Negative feedback

103
Q

Space between pelvis

A

Pelvic cavity

104
Q

Line trunk cavities, cover organs in the ventral body cavity

A

Serous membranes

105
Q

Covers organs

A

Visceral serous membrane

106
Q

Lines the walls of the cavities

A

Parietal serous membrane

107
Q

A fluid-filled space between the membranes

A

Cavity

108
Q

3 Serous membranes:

A
  • Pericardial cavity (heart)
  • Pleural cavity (lungs)
  • Peritoneal cavity (around abdominopelvic cavity)
109
Q

Peritoneum

A
  1. Visceral peritoneum
  2. Parietal peritoneum
  3. Peritoneal cavity

Anaphy (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions