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intro to biology > chapter 1 > Flashcards

chapter 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

reproduced it’s own kind, responds to the environment, takes in; converts; and expels energy, complex but well ordered structure, populations evolve over time are?

A

properties of all living things

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2
Q

composed of many cells, individuals evolve over time, requires another individual to reproduce, eats other organisms to gain energy are?

A

NOT a property of living things

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3
Q

what are the levels of biological organization from smallest to largest : tissue, ecosystem, cell, population, molecule, biosphere, community, organ, organism

A

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere

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4
Q

in all muscle cells, two kinds of protein filaments slide past each other to shorten the muscle cell and generate force. what broad theme of biology does muscle illustrate?

A

structure and function

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5
Q

a(n) _____ is a proposed, testable explanation for an observation

A

hypothesis

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6
Q

a(n) _____ is a factor that changes during an experiment

A

variable

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7
Q

a(n) _____ in an experiment yields data against which other groups are compared

A

control group

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8
Q

a(n) _____ differs from the control group by the one variable that is being tested in an experiment

A

experimental group

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9
Q

you like some chocolate chip cookie recipes better than others, what is this?

A

an observation

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10
Q

does the type of flour you use make a difference?

A

question

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11
Q

cake flour works better than regular flour

A

hypothesis

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12
Q

you make one batch of cookies with regular flour and another with cake flour

A

an experiment

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13
Q

using cake flour makes the cookies softer, which you prefer

A

results

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14
Q

when something is supported by a large body of evidence it is

A

a theory

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15
Q

the type of test that changes only one variable at a time in order to isolate the results is know as a _____ experiment

A

controlled

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16
Q

the one variable that is manipulated by a scientist as a potential cause in an experiment is the _____ variable

A

independent

17
Q

the _____ variable is the factor a scientist observes to see the effect of change made

A

dependent

18
Q

a _____ establishes the base line for an experiment

A

control group

19
Q

a _____ is a group in which no response is expected

A

negative control

20
Q

a _____ is a group in which a known response is expected

A

positive control

21
Q

in a _____ experiment, the researchers—but not the participants—knows who receives the treatment and who does not, to eliminate subjective bias

A

single-blind

22
Q

in a _____ experiment, neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the treatment and who does not

A

double-blind

23
Q

what involve the analysis of observations with the goal of uncovering patterns or correlations?

A

observational studies

24
Q

what feature would be useful in identifying pseudoscience

A

beliefs

25
Q

the fundamental unit of matter

A

an atom

26
Q

a group of atoms bonded together

A

a molecule

27
Q

component of the cell that performs a specific function

A

an organelle

28
Q

fundamental unit of life

A

a cell

29
Q

an integrated group of smaller cells that work together

A

tissue

30
Q

an individual living thing

A

organism

31
Q

a group of organs that work together

A

an organ system

32
Q

a group of interacting individuals of one species

A

a population

33
Q

consists of all the interacting populations in an ecosystem

A

a community

34
Q

consists of living things and nonliving components

A

an ecosystem

35
Q

consists of all life on earth

A

biosphere

36
Q

what is the approach to scientific knowledge?

A

empirical- based on experiment and observations

37
Q

the process for understanding nature by observing nature and its behavior, and by conducting experiments to test our ideas

A

scientific method

38
Q

a brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones

A

a scientific law

intro to biology (4 decks)

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