Chapter 1 Flashcards
accuracy
how closely a measurement aligns with a correct value
atom
smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical combination
Celsius (°C)
unit of temperature; water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C on this scale
chemical change
change producing a different kind of matter from the original kind of matter
chemical property
behavior that is related to the change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter
chemistry
study of the composition, properties, and interactions of matter
compound
pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more elements
cubic centimeter (cm^3)
volume of a cube with an edge length of exactly 1 cm
cubic meter (m^3)
SI unit of volume
density
ratio of mass to volume for a substance or object
dimensional analysis
versatile mathematical approach that can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex, multi-step calculations involving several different quantities
element
substance that is composed of a single type of atom; cannot be decomposed by a chemical change
exact number
number derived by counting or by definition
extensive property
property of a substance that depends on the amount of the substance
Fahrenheit (°F)
unit of temperature; water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F on this scale
gas
state in which matter has neither definite volume nor shape
heterogeneous mixture
combination of substances with a composition that varies from point to point
homogeneous mixture
(also, solution) combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout
hypothesis
tentative explanation of observations that acts as a guide for gathering and checking information
intensive property
property of a substance that is independent of the amount of the substance
kelvin (K)
SI unit of temperature; 273.15 K = 0°C