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Anatomy & Physiology 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Medial

A

Toward the median plane

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2
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the point of attachment or origin

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2
Q

Anatomical Position

A
  • upright stance
  • feet parallel
  • upper limbs at the side of the body
  • palms faced anteriorly (toward front)
  • head is level
  • eyes look forward
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3
Q

Inferior

A

Below

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4
Q

Superior

A

Above

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5
Q

Physiology

A

Exams how the body functions

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6
Q

Anabolism

A

Small molecules joined to form larger ones

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7
Q

Histology

A

Study of tissues (groups of cells)

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8
Q

Anatomy

A

Studies the structure of the body and the physical relationship between these structures

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9
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

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10
Q

Receptor

A

Detects changes in variable (stimulus)

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11
Q

Plane

A

Actual cut or slice that exposes internal anatomy

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12
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the medial plane

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13
Q

Homeostasis

A

The ability of an organism to maintain consistent internal environment in response to changing internal or external conditions

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14
Q

Catabolism

A

Large molecules broken down into smaller ones

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15
Q

Supine

A

Laying face up

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16
Q

Effector

A

The structure that brings about changes to alter the stimulus

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17
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body

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18
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the ventral side

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19
Q

Posterior

A

Toward the dorsal side

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20
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of attachment or origin

21
Q

Dorsal

A

Toward the back or spine

22
Q

Positive Feedback

A

Occurs less frequently than negative feedback
Stimulus enforced to continue moving variable in the same direction until a climatic event occurs, then the body returns to homeostasis

23
Q

Cytology

A

The study of structure and function of cells

24
Q

Serous Membrane

A

Subdivisions of ventral cavity that creates a lining

24
Q

Negative Feedback

A
  • Controls most processes in the body
  • Variable fluctuates within a normal range around a set point
  • Resulting action is the opposite direction of the stimulus
25
Q

Parietal

A

Lines external surface of body wall

26
Q

Visceral

A

Covers external surface of organs

27
Q

Ventral

A

Toward the front or belly

28
Q

Cardiovascular Physiology

A

Heart, movement of blood

29
Q

Nuerophysiology

A

Brain, nerves, spinal cords
How it functions w/ our nerves

30
Q

Respiratory

A

Lungs, functioning of our respiratory organs

31
Q

Reproductive

A

Reproductive hormones and reproductive cycle

32
Q

Pathophysiology

A

How our body functions when it’s diseased

33
Q

Organization (property of living organism)

A

Complex structure and order

34
Q

Responsiveness (property of living organism)

A

Sense and react to stimuli

35
Q

Growth and development (property of living organism)

A

Assimilate materials from the environment - grow and develop

36
Q

Regulation (property of living organism)

A

Maintaining homeostasis - adjusting internal bodily structure and function

37
Q

Reproduction (property of living organism)

A

Reproduce new cells, maintain and repair
Sex cells (gametes) - develop into new organisms

38
Q

What are the 6 levels of organization? (simplest -> complex)

A

Chemical - atoms and molecules
Cellular - cells
Tissue - Tissues, similar cells performing common functions
Organ - Multiple tissues working together
Organ System - related organs working together
Organism -11 organs working together

39
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, nails, hair - provides protection; helps control body temperature

40
Q

Skeletal System

A

Physical foundation of the body; support and protection

41
Q

Muscular System

A

Responsible for body movement

42
Q

Nervous System

A

Responds to sensory stimuli

43
Q

Endocrine System

A

Glands and cell structures that secretes hormones

44
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart and blood vessels - distributes nutrients and hormons

45
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Transports and filters lymph

46
Q

Respiratory System

A

Exchange of gases between blood and air in lungs

47
Q

Urinary System

A

Filters blood to remove waste products

48
Q

Digestive System

A

Mechanically and chemically digests food

49
Q

Reproductive System

A

Male and female reproductive systems

Anatomy & Physiology 1 (4 decks)

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