chapter 1 Flashcards
sociology
scientific and systematic study of large groups
society
defined geographic area of people who interact and share culture
culture
shared practices, values and beliefs
sociological imagination
persons behavior x wider group
figuration
individual and society are inseparable
auguste comte
european
recoined sociology
used scientific study for social patterns (positivism)
harriet martineau
european
women’s rights and economics
karl marx
european
communism, against positivism
Herbert Spencer
european
capitalism and survival of the fittest
often misinterpreted in racist ways
georg simmel
european
art and small groups
anti positivism
emile durkheim
european
established sociology as a formal academic discipline
healthy vs pathological societies
suicide
max webber
european
anti positivism
quantitative and qualitative
capitalism
WEB du bois
american
challenged racism
NAACP and equality
Thornton Veblen
american
social classes and economy
Charles horton cooley
american
concerned with individualism
argued we see ourselves via others reactions (looking glasses)
George herbert mead
american
agreed with looking glasses (idea that we see ourselves in others reactions) but argued the status of the person who was reacting mattered
Robert E Park
american
social ecology
environment causes chaos not the people
paradigms
structural functionalism
conflict theory
symbolic interactionism
structural functionalism
society functions together to contribute to the whole
ex organs in a body
conflict theory
inequalities and inequities contribute to social power and affect it
ex one with the most chips wins and will change the rules to continue their winning
symbolic interationism
A way to examine the relationships of individuals within their society by studying their communication
ex how a society interprets symbols
anti positivism
the view that social researchers should strive for subjectivity as they worked to represent social processes, cultural norms and societal values
constructivism
reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be
culture
a groups shared practices, values, and beliefs
dramaturgical analysis
sociological view through metaphor and theatrics
dynamic equilibrium
a stable state in which all parts of society work together
dysfunctions
social patterns that are undesirable for society
figuration
analyzing behavior of an individual and the society that shapes that behavior
generalized others
The organized and generalized attitude of a social group
Latent functions
unrecognized/unintended consequences of a social process
latent functions
unrecognized/unintended consequences of a social process
manifest functions
The desired consequences of a social function
3, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism
paradigms
philosophical and theoretical framework used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations, and experiments performed in support of them
3, symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism, conflict theory
positivism
using scientific method to study social patterns
positivism
using scientific medic method to study social patterns
reification
The error of treating abstract as reality
social facts
laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life
social institutions
Patterns of beliefs and behaviors focused on meeting social needs
verstehen
understand in a deep way
kenneth and mamie clark
used dolls and children to disprove segregation
peter berger
small and big moments, soc makes firmiliar strange
peter berger
small and big moments, soc makes firmiliar strange
