Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Lab Science Lecture > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Clinical laboratory testing plays a crucial role in-

A

Detection, diagnosis, & treatment of disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

After collecting & examining a specimen, lab professionals-

A

Analyze & communicate results to physicians or other primary care providers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ASCP stands for-

A

American Society for Clinical Pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ASCP created-

A

Board of Registry (BOR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The Board Of Registry (BOR) is now known as-

A

Board Of Certification (BOC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When did BOR become BOC?

A

1928

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does BOC do?

A

Certify lab professionals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An individual who passed the BOR’s registry exam was referred to as-

A

A medical technologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the acronym for a medical technologist?

A

MT (ASCP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When was the American Society of Clinical Laboratory Technicians formed?

A

1933

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the American Society of Clinical Lab Technicians now known as?

A

American Society for Clinical Lab Science (ASCLS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When did new categories of lab professionals join generalist medical technologists in performing daily work of the clinical laboratory?

A

During the 1960s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The category of MLT was developed as-

A

A 2-year associates degree program

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What specialty categories were created? (5)

A

-chemistry
-microbiology
-hematology
-immunology
-blood banking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Additional certifications available- (5)

A

-phlebotomy
-cytotechnology
-histotechnology
-lab safety
-molecular pathology/biology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When did lab professionals gain professional recognition?

A

September 2009

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Generalists are now referred to as-

A

Medical Lab Scientists (MLS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Similar technician-level designation continued to be designated as-

A

Medical Lab Technicians (MLTs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Appropriate professional credentialing-

A

MLS (ASCP) & MLT (ASCP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Continuing education is now a requirement for-

A

Certified professionals to maintain certification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Another category of specialty certification-

A

Pathologists’ Assistant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

MLAs are critically important to-

A

Medical field & lab science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

MLAs play an important role in-

A

Helping lab tests get processed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

It is important that the lab serves to educate-

A

The physician & other healthcare providers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Why is it important that the lab serves to educate the physician & other healthcare providers?

A

So info available through the reported test results can be used appropriately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When tests are being ordered, the clinical lab should- (4)

A

-Assume a role of leadership & education in assisting the phlebotomist to understand
-serve the best interest of the patient
-improve the clinical decision-making for physicians
-consider the costs involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

When the results of these tests are used appropriately, clinical decision making will be improved in the context of-

A

-patient’s clinical case
-physical examination findings
-medical history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Most clinical labs are operated under-

A

The direction of a pathologist or PhD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A lab has a supervisor/manager who is responsible for-

A

The technical aspects of managing the lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

A business manager may be hired to-

A

Handle administrative details

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Administrative techs, regardless of the job title, is ensuring-

A

That all federal, state, & local regulatory mandates are being followed by the lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The responsibilities of MLSs & MLTs vary, but may include- (3)

A

-performing some of the same lab assays
-supervising other staff
-teaching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Because of in-depth knowledge of technical aspects, principles of methodology & instrumentation used for various lab assays, lab professionals are-

A

Able to interpret & correlate data

34
Q

MLSs & MLTs collect blood in-

A

Smaller facilities

35
Q

Phlebotomists collect blood specimens in-

A

Large hospitals

36
Q

CLIA stands for-

A

Clinical Lab Improvement Amendments

37
Q

The goal of CLIA-

A

To ensure that lab results reported are high quality regardless of where testing is done (small labs, physician’s office, large reference lab, or patient’s home)

38
Q

CLIA defines responsibilities of-

A

Persons working in each testing site where tests of moderate/high complexity are done

39
Q

There are no CLIA regulations for-

A

Testing personnel who work at sites performing only waived tests

40
Q

For tests of high complex category, personnel requirements are-

A

More stringent

41
Q

Tests performed by the lab- (4)

A

-waived tests
-moderately complex tests
-highly complex tests
-provider-performed microscopy (PPM)

42
Q

Criteria for classification include- (5)

A

-risk of harm to patient
-risk of erroneous result
-type of testing method used
-degree of independent judgement & interpretation needed
-availability of particular test in question for home use

43
Q

Waived test is defined as-

A

Those cleared by the US FDA for home use

44
Q

Tests cleared by the US FDA for home use employ-

A

Methodologies unlikely to cause erroneous results & pose no reasonable risk of harm to the patient if the test is performed incorrectly

45
Q

Waive tests include- (2)

A

-Dipstick urinalysis
-blood glucose

46
Q

The organization of a particular clinic lab depends on- (3)

A

-its size
-number of tests done
-facilities available

47
Q

Larger labs tend to be-

A

Decompartmentalized; a separate area is designated for each of the various divisions

48
Q

The current trend is to have more “open” design or a core lab where-

A

Hematology, urinalysis, hemostasis/coagulation, & clinical chemistry share workspace

49
Q

Cross training is important in-

A

A core lab model

50
Q

Other specialized divisions present in large labs- (3)

A

-cytogenetic
-toxicology
-flow cytometry

51
Q

A working clinical lab is traditionally organized into several major scientific disciplines-

A

-Blood banking/transfusion medicine
-clinical chemistry
-hematology & hemostasis
-immunology & serology
-microbiology
-urinalysis

52
Q

Core lab configuration combines- (3)

A

-hematology
-hemostais & blood coagulation
-clinical chemistry

53
Q

Each specialty department focuses on-

A

A different area of lab medicine

54
Q

3 primary accrediting organizations-

A

-Commission on Office Lab Accreditation (COLA)
-College of American Pathologists (CAP)
-The Joint Commission (TJC)

55
Q

COLA helps labs-

A

Stay in compliance with the new CLIA regulations

56
Q

Cap is an internationally recognized program & the only one of its kind that-

A

Uses teams of practicing lab professionals as inspectors

57
Q

TJC has been evaluating & accrediting hospital lab services since-

A

1979

58
Q

TJC has been evaluating & accrediting free-standing labs since-

A

1995

59
Q

POCT is the decentralization of testing away from the traditional lab setting can greatly increase-

A

The interaction of lab personnel with patients & members of the healthcare team

60
Q

Informed consent-

A

The patient is aware of, understands, & agrees to the nature of testing to be done & what will be done with the results reported

61
Q

Implied consent-

A

When a patient enters the hospital to the many routine procedures that will be performed while the patient is there

62
Q

Ex. of a test that carries implied consent

A

Venipuncture

63
Q

Patients must sign specific consent for more complex procedures, such as- (4)

A

-bone marrow aspiration
-lumbar puncture for collection of cerebrospinal fluid
-fine-needle biopsy
-non urgent transfusion of blood or its components

64
Q

Patients should be given sufficient info about-

A

The reasons why the informed consent is needed & must be given the opportunity to ask questions

65
Q

When should a guardian’s consent be obtained? (5)

A

-when the patient is a minor
-legally not competent
-physically unable to write
-hearing impaired
-doesn’t speak English as the first language

66
Q

Any results obtained for specimens from patients must be kept-

A

Strictly confidential

67
Q

HIPAA-

A

Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act

68
Q

HIPAA requires-

A

Any info about the patient including the measurements being done, must also be kept in confidence

69
Q

The only person who should have access to info about a patient-

A

Authorized personnel

70
Q

Any release of patients info to non-health care persons can be done only when-

A

Authorized by the patient

71
Q

Communications from LIS should meet-

A

HIPAA compliances for encryption & methodology

72
Q

HIPAA rules apply to any health info that can be linked to the patient by- (4)

A

-name
-social security number
-employee number
-hospital ID number

73
Q

A new final rule by CMS grants patients direct access to-

A

Their lab results

74
Q

The new final rule doesn’t require-

A

That labs interpret test results for patients

75
Q

Labs may continue to refer patients with questions about tests results to-

A

Their ordering or treating health care provider

76
Q

Required when specimens are involved in possible medicolegal situations-

A

Certain specimen-handling policies

77
Q

Maintaining the chain of custody-

A

For evidence to be admissible, the moment the specimen is collected & transported to the lab, to the analysis itself, & the reporting of the results must be documented

78
Q

Personal ethics are based on-

A

Values or ideas & customs that are held in high regard by an individual or group of people

79
Q

Ethics also encompasses the principles of conduct of-

A

A group or individuals, such as professional ethics

80
Q

ASCLS endorses a professional code of ethics which states-

A

All lab professionals have a responsibility for proper conduct toward the patient, their colleagues, * the profession & the society

Clinical Lab Science Lecture (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions