Chapter 1 Flashcards
Discovering Aviation
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
The branch of the government that governs aviation
Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs)
The rules that apply to all areas of aviation that you must always abide
Fixed Base Operators (FBOs)
An airport facility that supplies pilots with varies services such as snacks, airplane maintenance, renting, refueling, and parking.
Certificated Flight Instructor (CFI)
Someone who instructs students at a flight school and helps them achieve their aviation certificates
Student Pilot Certificate
A certificate that legally allows a student to eventually fly solo and achieve his PPL
Medical Certificate
The legal registration, given out by an aviation medical examiner, that signifies someone is medically fit to fly
Third-Class Medical
A medical certificate that only allows a person to fly under very specific regulations. You cannot fly commercially with a TCM, and it expires after 60 calendar months for anyone under the age of 40, and 24 calendar months over the age of 40
Second-Class Medical
A medical certificate that allows a pilot to fly as a commercial pilot and anything below that. Expires after 12 calendar months regardless of your age.
First-Class Medical
A certificate required for flying among the airlines, and denotes physical fitness for any other form of aviation. Expires after 12 calendar months under the age of 40, and 6 calendar months over the age of 40.
BasicMed
If qualified, you can continue flying even if your medical expires, as long as your previous medical certificates have not been suspended, revoked or withdrawn. One of the requirements for BasicMed is a valid U.S drivers license.
Pilot in Command (PIC)
The person fully responsible, and is the final authority as to, the operation of the aircraft.
Category
A broad classification of aircraft: Airplane, rotorcraft, glider
Class
A more specific variation of aircraft:
Single-engine land, multi-engine sea
Flight Review
Specific training every 24 calendar months, post PPL, to keep your understanding and flight skills current (Minimum requirements: 1 hr ground + 1 hr flight training)
Refresher Training
The action of catching up on aviation information, especially if you have not flown in a while. Furthermore, building experience in areas of aviation you may not be entirely familiar with (night flying or flying to a large and busy airport)
Mountain Flying
The action of flying in high-elevation areas and in mountainous regions. Proper training is essential for this specific type of flying.
Acrobatic Flight Training
A high-intensity flight training designated to intense maneuvers and can improve overall pilot proficiency.
Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA)
A nonprofit organization dedicated to general aviation. Provides extensive information to its members, such as pilot information, legal services, and loan programs.
Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA)
A significant association in general aviation that inspires innovative ideas in aircraft design, construction, and flight technique.
Civil Air Patrol (CAP)
A non-profit organization with three primary missions: aerospace education, cadet programs, and emergency services.
Aircraft Checkout
An action that takes place when a pilot is unfamiliar with a specific aircraft design, and that pilot receives transition training to become accustomed to said aircraft.
High-Performance Airplane
An airplane with an engine with more than 200 horsepower.
Complex Airplane
An airplane with retractable landing gear, flaps, and a controllable-pitch propeller.
Tailwheel Airplane
An airplane with a small wheel situated under the tail of the aircraft. This slight difference in design from a tricycle gear aircraft presents numerous other challenges and requires training in aircraft alike.
Homebuilt Aircraft
An airplane that is built from scratch or constructed using a kit.
Instrument Rating
A certification that permits a pilot to fly in a wider range of weather conditions. You must acquire 40 hours of instrument flight and pass a knowledge and practical test.
Multi-Engine Rating
A certification that permits a pilot to fly aircraft with more than one engine. No training is required, only a practical test.
Single-Engine Sea Rating/Multi-Engine Sea Rating
A specific rating that allows a pilot to land an airplane (specifically designed for water) on the sea or other bodies of water. No minimum flight time is required, only passing a practical test is necessary.
Helicopter
An aircraft that develops lift differently than an airplane (airplanes develop lift with their wings while a helicopter develops lift with its large rotor blade)
Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)
The act of managing all resources inside and outside the aircraft
Aeronautical Decision Making (ADM)
A systematic approach to the mental process of pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances.
ADM Process
Recognize a change
Define the problem
Choose a course of action
Implement your decision
Evaluate the outcome
I’M SAFEE Checklist
I = Illness
M = Medication
S = Stress
A = Alcohol
F = Fatigue
E = Eating/Hungry
E = Emotion
Hazardous Attitudes
Anti-Authority
Antidote = Follow the rules
Impulsivity
Antidote = Not so fast.
Invulnerability
Antidote = It could happen to me
Macho (feeling like you’re him)
Antidote = Taking chances is foolish
Resignation (Suicidal)
Antidote = I’m not helpless
Self-Critiques
After each flight, use self-critiques to determine skills that need to be worked on, and create a plan to improve proficiency.
Risk Management
Eliminating unnecessary risks that may threaten the life of the people on board the aircraft.
PAVE
P = Pilot
A = Aircraft
V = EnVironment
E = External Pressures
Task Management
Prioritizing certain tasks to avoid work overload.
Checklists
Resources that help you manage distractions while you preform procedures.
Do-List
Read the checklist item and the associated action and then preform the action. Done in a very systematic order.
Flow Pattern
Guides you through the cockpit in a logical order as you preform each step without the written checklist.
Situational Awareness
The accurate perception of all the operational and environmental factors that affect flight safety.
Briefings
S = Safety Belts
A = Air Vents
F = Fire Extinguisher
E = Emergency
T = Talking on Radio
Y = Your Questions
Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT)
The event that an aircraft is flown into terrain or water with no prior awareness that the crash is imminent.
Automation Management
Management that typically applies to airplanes with advanced avionic systems.
Equipment Operating Levels
Level 1: Controlling the airplane with the minimum equipment necessary
Level 2: Use the autopilot to manage workload, but manually control the airplane at times
Level 3: Control the airplane only using autopilot
Motion Sickness
The event where the brain receives conflicting messages about the state of the body.
Stress
The body’s response to physical and psychological demands placed upon it.
Fatigue
The effect of being sleep deprived. Fatigue can cause a number of hazards to the pilot such as a loss of concentration.
Depressants
Drugs that reduce the body’s functioning mental processing, and slow motor and reaction responses.
Alcohol
A widely used drug that depresses the effect of the nervous system and dulls the body’s senses.
Stimulants
Drugs that excite the central nervous system and produce an increase in alertness and activity.
