CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
when did Dr. Roentgen discover x-rays?
On November 8,1895
How long did Dr. Roentgen spend investigating x-rays?
7 weeks
what anatomic part was first photographed by Dr. Roentgen?
His wife’s hand
what were the dangers of overexposure to radiation?
Severe radiation burns (acute Radiodermatitis), cancer and even death
who made it known of the dangers due to radiation exposure?
Thomas Edison
what are the properties of x-rays?
- are invisible
- travel at the speed of light in a vacuum
- travel in straight lines
- have a short wavelength
- unaffected by electric and magnetic fields
- ionizes matter
- cannot be focused by a lens
What are the fundamental quantities of unit measure?
Mass, Length and time
What are the derived quantities of unit measure?
Velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, work and power
Special radiologic qualities
dose equivalent, exposure and radioactivity
What does SI mean?
System International or metric system
System International (SI) measures are?
Kilogram, meter, and second
What are the British system measurements?
pound, foot, and second
Inertia is…?
An object with mass that resists a change in its state of motion
Energy is …?
the ability to do work
what are the two states of energy?
Potential and Kinetic
potential energy is …?
energy in a stored state
Kinetic energy is …?
energy being expanded
what are the standard units and the SI equivalents?
- Roentgen (R) ~ Coulomb/ Kilogram
- rad ~ Gray
- rem ~ Sievert
- Curie (Ci) ~ Becquerel
what is Roentgen is used for?
to quantify radiation intensity
what is rad used for?
to quantify the biological effect of radiation on humans and animals
what is rem used for?
to quantify occupational exposure or dose equivalent
what is curie used for?
to quantify radioactivity
what are the 3 basic configurations of the tube stand?
- floor mount
- floor/ceiling (or floor/wall) mount
- overhead tube assembly
what does the wall unit allow to do?
easily obtain upright examination
what is the control panel used for?
to select the kilovoltage and milliamperage applied to produce x-rays.
What are the two basic radiographic equipments?
- Mobile equipment
- Permanent equipment
what is the tube head assembly?
Housing, X-ray tube, and collimator
When and where was Dr. Roentgen born?
March 27, 1845 in Lennep, Germany
In early days how long were x-ray exposures?
Commonly in 20-30 minutes or as long as 2 hours
What is the formula and unit of measure for velocity?
- V= d/t
- Meter per second (m/s)
What is ALARA?
As Low As Reasonably Achievable
What is ARRT/ ASRT code of Ethics
Established principles of professional conduct that articulate radiographers responsibility to minimize radiation exposure.
What are the cardinal principles for minimizing radiation dose?
- Time
- Distance
- Shielding
What reduces the size of exposure field?
Collimator
What are the primary exposure factors?
Kilovoltage (kVp) and Miliamperage (mA)
