chapter 1

Question 1

life span development

Answer 1

the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues throughout the human life span

Question 2

what are the historical approaches to raising children

Answer 2

1) original sin view
2) tabula rasa view
3) innate goodness view

Question 3

1) original sin view

Answer 3

• Middle Ages (16th century)
• children are bad, evil
• goal is to remove sin

Question 4

2) tabula rasa view

Answer 4

• 17th century
• John Locke
• children are a blank slate… experience is important

Question 5

3) innate goodness view

Answer 5

• 18th century
• Jean Jaques Rousseau
• children are good and should be allowed to grow naturally with few parental restraints
• parents should be GUIDES

Question 6

how is childhood now?

Answer 6

childhood is a distinct, eventful, unique period of life: it sets the foundation for adult years

Question 7

what is development (8)

Answer 7

1) lifelong
2) multidimensional
3) multidirectional
4) plastic
5) multidisciplinary
6) contextual
7) involves growth, maintenance, and regulation
8) co-construction of biology, culture, and the individual

Question 8

define multidimensional (#2)

Answer 8

biological, cognitive, socio-economical dimensions

Question 9

define multidirectional (#3)

Answer 9

some dimensions or components of a dimension increase in growth, others decrease

• ex: older adults are wiser and call on their experience but perform more poorly on tasks requiring speed and processing information

Question 10

define plastic (#4)

Answer 10

degree to which characteristics change or remain stable

• ex: intellectual skills and older aged adults

Question 11

define multidisciplinary (#5)

Answer 11

psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, neuroscientists, and medical researchers all study development

Question 12

define contextual (#6)

Answer 12

individuals change in a changing world, continually respond and act on concepts:

• biological make-up
• physical environment
• cognitive processes
• historical, social, and cultural contexts

Question 13

explain development involves growth, maintenance, and regulation (#7)

Answer 13

as we age to middle and late adulthood, the goal is to maintain skills (memory, intelligence, etc.)

Question 14

explain development is a co-construction of biology, culture, and the individual (#8)

Answer 14

example our brain shapes and interprets culture but is also shaped by culture and our experiences