Chapter 1

Question 1

Independent variable

Answer 1

manipulated or changed

Question 2

Dependent variable

Answer 2

measured by the experimenter

Question 3

conceptual defintion

Answer 3

find in a dictionary

Question 4

operational defintion

Answer 4

scientific definitions of psychological concepts based upon how those concepts are measured

Question 5

Descriptive research

Answer 5

describes the behaviors thoughts, or feelings of a particular group of individuals

Question 6

correlational research

Answer 6

investigate the relationship between two or more variables

Question 7

experimental research

Answer 7

involves the manipulation of at least one independent variable and control of extraneous influences so that the effects on a DV can be isolated

Question 8

Quasi-experimental research

Answer 8

exmaines the effects of naturally occuring events

Question 9

systematic empiricism

Answer 9

rely on systematically obtained observations to draw conclusions

Question 10

public verificaition

Answer 10

findings must be observed, replicated, and verified by other researchers

Question 11

solvable problems

Answer 11

must study questions that are potentially answerable through systematic empiricism

Question 12

hypotheses

Answer 12

specific predictions about how variables are related

Question 13

basic criteria for a study to be considered scientific

Answer 13

systematic empiricism, public verification, solvable problems