Chapter 1 Flashcards
reduction in the seriousness or intensity of symptoms of a chronic disease but not considered as cure
remission
condition in which human body can perform its vital function normally
health
all cells, tissues, organs, and systems work to maintain equilibrium (stable internal conditions under fluctuating environmental conditions)
homeostasis
deviation from normal body structure or function interrupting performance of vital function and displaying characteristics signs and symptoms
disease
study of disease, especially structural and functional changes associated with disease
pathology
physician who study and interpret the changes caused by the disease
pathologist
these are the evidence of the disease observed on physical examination
signs
these are the indication of the disease reported by the patient (i.e. pain in stomach, itching)
symptoms
no signs and symptoms
asymptomatic
an abnormal structure or function characterized by group of sign and symptoms that usually occur together
syndrome
usually functional abnormality not necessarily linked to a specific cause or physical abnormality
disorder
process of identifying a disease from its signs and symptoms
diagnosis
visual examination of the external part of the body; can observe movement, posture, color
inspection (physical examination)
feeling of the body or organ with finger or hand; can examine size, consistency, tenderness, texture, and location of an organ or body part
palpation (physical examination)
listening to the heart, lung, intestine and evaluate the number, frequency, intensity, duration and quality of sound
auscultation (physical examination)
producing a sound by tapping on specific area of the body to evaluate the size consistency and border of an organ
percussion (physical examination)
predicts the course and outcome of the disease
prognosis
disease with sudden onset with shorter duration (i.e. common cold, flu)
acute
slower and less severe onset with longer duration (i.e. heart disease, diabetes)
chronic
diseases that will ends in death
terminal
sign and symptom may grow more severe than the initial presentation of the disease during the ongoing treatment
exacerbation
leading cause of death
heart disease
return of the disease after its apparent cure
relapse
secondary disease or condition aggravating an already existing one
complication
aftermath of particular disease
sequela
the total number of the death that occur among the people with a certain disease
mortality
the number of the cases of the disease in the population
morbidity
number of the new cases of a disease within a given period of time
incidence
percentage of the population that is affected with a particular disease within given period of time
prevalence
study of occurrence, transmission and control of disease
epidemiology
cause of the disease- biological, physical, chemical, nutritional
etiology
sequence of cellular events that occur in the development of a disease
pathogenesis
when the cause of the disease is unknown
idiopathic
inherited from family
hereditary disease (classification)
presented at birth
congenital disease (classification)
effect of aging or overuse
degenerative disease (classification)
inflammatory disease
Immunity/Allergy (classification)
caused by microorganism
infectious disease (classification)
cancers
neoplastic disease (classification)
accidental
trauma (classification)
lack of nourishments
nutritional disease (classification)
increase a persons chance of developing disease
risk factors
impact of surroundings on the acquisition and prognosis of a disease
environmental
how exposure to certain chemical agents may affect the development of disease
chemical
how physical make up affects the development or outcome of a disease
physiological
the effect of mental health on the prognosis of a disease
psychological
how inherited factors impact the occurrence of a disease
genetic
procedures for the cure or reduction of severity of its signs and symptoms; depends on the nature of the disease, characteristics of the patient, and goals of the patient and physician
treatment
manageable risks that contribute to disease:
- poor nutrition
- lack of physical activity
- tobacco use
- excessive alcohol consumption
offer relief from the symptoms of a disease without dealing with the underlying cause
palliative (treatment)
treating a disease with drugs
pharmacologic (treatment)
treating a disease with surgical intervention
surgical (treatment)
addressing the mental health
psychiatric/psychological (treatment)
