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Human Physiolgy > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

Study of what structure and shape of the body, parts, and their relationship to one another

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of how the human body works

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3
Q

How is the human body formed

A

Chemicals > cells > tissues > organs > organ systems > body

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4
Q

Homeostasis

A

Body maintains stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are happening outside the body

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5
Q

Directional terms

A

Describes where one body part is in relation to another

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6
Q

Distal

A

Further from trunk

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7
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to trunk

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8
Q

Lateral

A

Away from midline

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9
Q

Medial

A

Closer from midline

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10
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Front side

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11
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Back side

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12
Q

Superior

A

Closer to head

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13
Q

Inferior

A

Farther from head

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14
Q

Superficial

A

Shallow; closer to the surface

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15
Q

Deep

A

Farther from surface

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16
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom of foot

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17
Q

Dorsal

A

Top of foot

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18
Q

Anatomical position

A

Facing forward, palms face forward

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19
Q

Midsagittal/Median Plane

A

Divides left and right of the body vertically

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20
Q

Frontal/CoronalPlane

A

Divides front and back of the body vertically

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21
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body horizontally at the hip

22
Q

Movement

A

All activity promoted by the muscular system

23
Q

Responsiveness

A

Ability to react to changes (senses)

24
Q

Digestion

A

Process of breaking down ingested food to simple molecules

25
Q

Metabolism

A

Refers to all chemical reactions that occur in the body

26
Q

Excretion

A

Process of removing excreta or waste

27
Q

Reproduction

A

Production of offspring, can occur on cellular or organismal level

28
Q

Growth

A

An increase in size, normally done by an increase in cells

29
Q

Nutrients

A

Taken in via diet, contains chemicals used for energy and cell-building

30
Q

Oxygen

A

Let chemical; all other nutrients and useless without it

31
Q

Respiratory System

A

Network of tissues and organs to help breathe. Contains the lungs and blood vessels

32
Q

Skeletal system

A

Allows movement of body, gives body shape, creates blood cells, stores minerals, and provides protection for organs. Contains tendons, ligaments, and spine

33
Q

Muscular system

A

Consists of skeletal, smooth, cardiac muscles, allows the movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulated blood around the body. Contains Heart, digestive organs, blood vessels

34
Q

Nervous system

A

Command center of the body, it controls your movements and thoughts through the brain

35
Q

Endocrine system

A

Made up of different hormones, regulates all biological process from birth through adulthood. Causes the growth of the brain, nervous, and reproductive system. Contains the Thyroid, Pituiary Gland, Pancreas, and Hypothaimus

36
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Pumps blood throughout body, kills bacteria and viruses. Contains Heart, Spleen, Arteries, Veins

37
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Maintains fluid levels in our body tied duds by removing all fluids that leak out of blood vessels. Contains Lymph node, Thymus, Lymphatic Vessel, Spleen, Tonsils

38
Q

Integumentary system

A

The skin. Maintains body temperature, cell fluid maintenance, synthesis of Vitamin D, and stimuli detection. It also served as a barrier for vital organs.

39
Q

Reproductive system

A

Produces offspring, nurtures and births offspring.

Male: Testes, Penis, Scrotum

Female: vagina, uterus, ovaries, vaginal canal, fallopian tubes

40
Q

Digestive system

A

Takes in nutrients, consumes energy, then disposes of leftovers with waste

41
Q

Urinary system

A

Removes water, filters blood. Contains bladder, kidneys, renal pelvis, ureter, urethra

42
Q

Abdomen

A

Split into 4 Quadrants and 9 Regions

43
Q

Right Upper Quadrant

A

Liver, Stomach, Gallbladder, Duodenum, small intestine, Right Kidney, Pancreas, Transverse Colon, Right Adrenal gland

44
Q

Left upper Quadrant

A

Liver, Left adrenal gland, stomach, left kidney, pancreas, spleen, transverse colon, small intestine

45
Q

Right Lower Quadrant

A

Large intestine, cecum, appendix, right ureter.

46
Q

Left lower quadrant

A

Small intestine, large intestine, left ureter, sigmoid colon

47
Q

Right & Left Regions

A

Hypochondriac, Lumbar, Iliac

48
Q

Middle Regions

A

Midclavicular Planes, Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric

49
Q

Hypochondriac meaning

A

Hypo: Below, under
Chondriac: cartilage of ribs

50
Q

Gastric meaning

A

Stomach

Human Physiolgy (7 decks)

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