Axial Skeleton Flashcards
Composition of Axial Skeleton
Skull, Vertebral column, Bony Thorax
Cranium
Part of the skull; Protects brain tissue
Composed of Frontal, Parietal, Sphenoid, Temporal, Occipital, and Ethmoid bones
Facial bones
Lower part of skull; holds eyes anteriorly, allows facial expressions
Parietal Bones
Forms superior and lateral walls of cranium. Comes in pairs
Frontal
Forms forehead, under eyebrows and superior part of eyebrows
Lies inferior to parietal bones. Joins at squamous suture
Comes in pairs
Temporal
Most posterior bone of cranium. Forms floor and back wall of skull
Occipital
Butterfly shaped bone. Spans the width of skull; forms part of floor and cranial cavity. Allows pituitary gland and to pass through
Sphenoid
Very irregular shaped. Is anterior to sphenoid bone. Roof of nasal cavity and part of medial walls for orbits
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Upper jaw composed of 2 maxillary bones. Forms anterior portion of hard palate (roof of mouth)
Palatine Bones
Forms posterior part of hard palate (roof of mouth)
Zygomatic Bones
Cheekbones. Forms parts of lateral walls of eye orbits
Lacrimal Bones
Forms medial walls of orbits. Grooves serve as a passageway for tears
Nasal Bones
Forms the bridge of your nose.
Vomer Bone
Serves the medial line of the nasal cavity. Forms most of nasal septum
Inferior Nasal Concha
Thin, curved bone projecting from walls of nasal cavity
Mandible
Lower jaw, largest and strongest bone of face. Forms freely moveable joint where it meets the temporal
Hyoid
Is not part of the skull but is closely related to mandible
How many Vertebral Bones
24 bones
Cervical
7 bones that form the neck region of the spine
12 heart-shaped bones that have 2 articulating bones that form head of the ribs
Thoracic Vertebrae
First two vertebrae
Atlas and Axis
Allows for rotation for Skull
Axis
Fibrocartilage between every cartilage
Intervertebral Cartilage
(young people have higher water content in them)
Giraffe head looking bone
Spinous Process
Composed of 5 bones that are hatchet shaped
Lumbar Vertebrae
Sacrum
Fusion of 5 vertebrae that superiorly articulate with L5 and connects with coccyx
3-5 irregularly shaped vertebrae shaped together
Coccyx (tailbone)
protective cage around Heart, lungs, and major blood vessels
Thoracic Cage
Sternum
Flat bone that connects to the first 7 pairs of ribs (True ribs)
12 pairs of bones that form walls of thoracic cage
Ribs
True Ribs
First 7 pairs of ribs attached by Sternum
False Ribs
5 pair of ribs that follow True Ribs
Last two pairs of False Ribs
Floating Ribs
